Indian Economy and Social Development

Which of the following instruments is used by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to absorb surplus liquidity from commercial banks without offering government securities as collateral?

Consider the following statements regarding the Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) scheme:

1. It is a voluntary pension scheme for unorganized workers with a monthly income of ₹15,000 or less.
2. Beneficiaries receive a guaranteed minimum monthly pension of ₹3,000 upon reaching 60 years of age.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

In the context of Indian Public Finance and Union Budgeting framework, which of the following statements regarding government receipts, expenditure classifications, and deficit metrics are correct?

Match the flagship Indian social security schemes listed in List-I with their corresponding beneficiary eligibility criteria and primary benefit structures in List-II:

Consider the following statements regarding metrics used to evaluate poverty and economic inequality:

1. Relative poverty is primarily measured using distribution tools such as the Lorenz Curve and the Gini Coefficient.
2. The Head Count Ratio (HCR) indicates the intensity and depth of poverty by calculating the average shortfall of poor households from the poverty line.
3. The Poverty Gap Index reflects how far below the poverty line poor households fall on average relative to the poverty line.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the methodology recommended by the Expert Group under Dr. C. Rangarajan (2014) for poverty estimation in India:

1. It recommended adopting the Modified Mixed Reference Period (MMRP) consumption expenditure data for poverty line calculation.
2. It derived separate poverty line baskets for rural and urban areas based on independent normative levels of nutrition (calories, protein, and fat) alongside essential non-food components.
3. Its methodology resulted in a significantly lower overall estimate of the number of poor in India for 2011–12 compared to the Suresh Tendulkar Committee's estimates for the same reference year.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Arrange the following landmark Industrial Policy declarations of India in chronological order of their announcement, from the earliest to the latest:

Which of the following economic transactions is directly recorded under the Capital Account of India's Balance of Payments?

Consider the following statements regarding the borrowing powers of State Governments and the regulation of public debt under the Indian Constitutional framework and fiscal policy rules:

1. A State Government possesses the constitutional executive power to raise external loans directly from international financial institutions, provided the borrowing is authorized by a resolution of the State Legislature.
2. Under Article 293(3) of the Constitution of India, a State cannot raise any market loan without the consent of the Union Government if there is still outstanding any part of a loan extended to the State by the Union or guaranteed by the Union.
3. Under the updated Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) framework, off-budget borrowings undertaken by State-owned entities, where principal and interest debt servicing is funded from the State budget, are included within the State's Net Borrowing Ceiling.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the accounting classification of transactions in India's Balance of Payments (BoP):

1. Interest payments servicing foreign commercial borrowings are recorded under the Capital Account.
2. Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) inflows into domestic equity markets are recorded under the Capital Account.
3. Remittances of profits by foreign enterprises operating in India are recorded under the Current Account.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following statements regarding economic inequality metrics and poverty measurement concepts are correct?

With reference to the National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) for social security in India, consider the following statements:

1. NSAP is administered as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme by the Ministry of Rural Development.
2. Under the Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS), individuals aged 18 to 79 years belonging to Below Poverty Line (BPL) households with a certified benchmark disability of $40\%$ or more are eligible for central pension assistance.
3. Under the National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS), a one-time lump-sum assistance of $₹20,000$ is provided to a BPL household upon the natural or accidental death of a primary breadwinner aged between 18 and 59 years.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following statements regarding the concept of 'Effective Revenue Deficit' in Indian Public Finance:

1. It is defined as the quantitative difference between Revenue Deficit and Grants given for Creation of Capital Assets.
2. Grants-in-aid provided by the Union Government to State Governments for the creation of capital assets are recorded under Capital Expenditure in the Union Budget.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Arrange the following sequential steps in the transmission mechanism of an expansionary monetary policy initiated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), starting from the initial policy action to the final impact on the real economy:

With reference to the monetary policy mechanisms and liquidity management framework of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), consider the following statements:

1. Outright purchase of Government Securities by the RBI under Open Market Operations (OMOs) injects durable liquidity into the banking system and exerts downward pressure on market bond yields.
2. The Bank Rate is aligned with the Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) rate and serves as the penal rate for commercial bank shortfalls in meeting mandatory reserve requirements.
3. Commercial banks are mandated to maintain their Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) obligations exclusively in the form of unencumbered cash balances deposited with the Reserve Bank of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Match the social welfare schemes listed in List-I with their primary objectives listed in List-II.

Under the Atal Pension Yojana (APY), a flagship social security initiative launched by the Government of India for workers in the unorganized sector, what is the prescribed subscriber entry age range for enrollment?

Arrange the following key milestones in India's external sector and exchange rate reforms in chronological order from the earliest to the latest:

Match the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) monetary policy mechanisms and liquidity tools in List I with their correct operational framework and liquidity impact in List II:

In a financial year, the Union Government's Gross Tax Revenue is ₹ $35,000$ billion. From this total, ₹ $4,500$ billion is derived from cesses and surcharges, ₹ $500$ billion represents the cost of tax collection, and ₹ $1,000$ billion constitutes taxes collected from Union Territories without legislatures. If the Finance Commission mandates a $41\%$ vertical devolution rate of the net divisible pool to the states, what is the total amount (in ₹ billion) to be distributed among the states?