Match each healthcare worker's specific post-exposure scenario with the most appropriate Hepatitis B virus (HBV) management protocol according to current CDC guidelines.
- An unvaccinated medical student sustains a deep needlestick injury while drawing blood from a patient who is known to be HBsAg-positive.Administer Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and initiate the Hepatitis B vaccine series
- A resident physician who is a documented vaccine non-responder (anti-HBs < 10 mIU/mL after two complete vaccination series) is exposed to HBsAg-positive blood.Administer two doses of Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) separated by one month
- A nurse who completed the vaccination series 5 years ago, but never had post-vaccination serologic testing, sustains a needlestick injury from an HBsAg-positive patient.Test exposed person for anti-HBs; if < 10 mIU/mL, administer HBIG and a vaccine booster dose
- A fully vaccinated attending physician with a documented anti-HBs titer of 45 mIU/mL (measured three years ago) is splashed in the eye with blood from an HBsAg-positive patient.No post-exposure prophylaxis or treatment is required
- A hospital janitor with no prior Hepatitis B vaccination history sustains a skin puncture from a discarded needle; the source patient is identified and tests HBsAg-negative.Initiate the Hepatitis B vaccine series without immune globulin
Cevap
The correct matches correctly apply the CDC Hepatitis B post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) algorithm based on the exposed healthcare worker's specific vaccination status, previous immunologic response to the vaccine, and the source patient's confirmed HBsAg status.
The correct matches strictly adhere to the CDC guidelines for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) post-exposure prophylaxis in healthcare settings. The protocol depends on the interaction between the source patient's HBsAg status and the healthcare worker's vaccination/immune status. Passive immunization (HBIG) provides immediate, short-term protection and is reserved for susceptible individuals exposed to HBsAg-positive blood. Active immunization (vaccine) establishes long-term protection and is given to those who are unvaccinated or need a booster. Known responders require no intervention, whereas known non-responders to two series require double passive prophylaxis.
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Anahtar Kavram
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Occupational Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Algorithm