Match the following classic mechanisms of knee injury with their most characteristic diagnostic physical examination finding.
- Noncontact deceleration and pivoting injury followed by rapid-onset hemarthrosisIncreased anterior tibial translation at 20 to 30 degrees of knee flexion
- Direct blow to the anterior proximal tibia in a flexed knee (e.g., dashboard injury)Posterior displacement of the tibial plateau when the hip and knee are flexed to 90 degrees
- Twisting injury on a weight-bearing, flexed knee followed by delayed-onset effusion and mechanical catchingPain or a palpable click during tibial rotation with varus or valgus stress applied during knee extension
- Sudden, eccentric quadriceps contraction resulting in a palpable infrapatellar gap and high-riding patellaInability to actively extend the knee or maintain a straight leg raise against gravity
Cevap
ACL tears match with increased anterior tibial translation; PCL tears match with posterior tibial displacement; meniscal tears match with a painful click on rotation; and patellar tendon ruptures match with the inability to actively extend the knee.
Each mechanism of injury strongly points to a specific anatomical disruption in the knee, which is subsequently confirmed by its corresponding targeted physical examination finding based on knee biomechanics.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Biomechanics, physical examination, and diagnosis of acute knee injuries