Match each pediatric patient's clinical presentation with the most likely causative viral pathogen.
- A 2-year-old with 3 days of high fever that abruptly resolves, immediately followed by the appearance of a blanching, pink maculopapular rash on the trunk.Human herpesvirus 6
- A 4-year-old with low-grade fever, prominent postauricular lymphadenopathy, and a fine maculopapular rash that began on the face and spread downward.Rubella virus
- A 5-year-old with a bright red erythematous rash on both cheeks sparing the perioral area, followed by a lacy, reticular rash on the upper extremities.Parvovirus B19
- A 3-year-old with a low-grade fever, refusal to eat, and painful vesicular lesions on the buccal mucosa, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet.Coxsackievirus A
Cevap
The presentations map as follows: the truncal rash after abrupt defervescence matches Human herpesvirus 6; the cephalocaudal rash with postauricular lymphadenopathy matches Rubella virus; the slapped cheek and reticular extremity rash matches Parvovirus B19; and the vesicular lesions on palms, soles, and mucosa matches Coxsackievirus A.
Each vignette describes a distinct, high-yield pediatric viral exanthem. The high fever ending abruptly with a truncal rash is the hallmark of roseola infantum (Human herpesvirus 6). Postauricular lymphadenopathy with a downward-spreading rash is characteristic of rubella (Rubella virus). The 'slapped cheeks' appearance with a reticular extremity rash defines erythema infectiosum (Parvovirus B19). Finally, vesicles on the oral mucosa, palms, and soles perfectly indicate hand-foot-and-mouth disease (Coxsackievirus A).
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Anahtar Kavram
Clinical presentation and etiology of classic pediatric viral exanthems