Match each of the following clinical conditions with its characteristic laboratory profile involving plasma renin activity, serum aldosterone, and potassium levels.
- Primary hyperaldosteronism (e.g., Conn syndrome)Decreased plasma renin activity, elevated serum aldosterone, hypokalemia
- Renovascular hypertension (e.g., fibromuscular dysplasia)Elevated plasma renin activity, elevated serum aldosterone, hypokalemia
- Primary adrenal insufficiency (e.g., autoimmune adrenalitis)Elevated plasma renin activity, decreased serum aldosterone, hyperkalemia
- Pseudohyperaldosteronism (e.g., chronic licorice ingestion)Decreased plasma renin activity, decreased serum aldosterone, hypokalemia
Cevap
Primary hyperaldosteronism matches decreased renin and elevated aldosterone; renovascular hypertension matches elevated renin and elevated aldosterone; primary adrenal insufficiency matches elevated renin and decreased aldosterone; and chronic licorice ingestion matches decreased renin and decreased aldosterone.
Each condition presents a unique physiological disruption of the RAAS. Primary hyperaldosteronism shows autonomous aldosterone secretion with suppressed renin. Renovascular hypertension shows renin-driven aldosterone excess. Primary adrenal insufficiency shows a lack of aldosterone with compensatory renin elevation. Licorice ingestion causes an exogenous mineralocorticoid effect, expanding volume and suppressing both renin and endogenous aldosterone.
Adım Adım Çözüm
Anahtar Kavram
Interpretation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in adrenal and renovascular disorders