Match each pharmacologic agent used in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder with its characteristic adverse effect profile and associated monitoring requirements.
- LithiumCan cause hypercalcemia via hyperparathyroidism, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and apical displacement of the tricuspid valve in utero.
- ValproateAssociated with polycystic ovarian syndrome-like symptoms, dose-related thrombocytopenia, hepatotoxicity, and fetal neural tube defects.
- LamotrigineRequires slow dose titration to mitigate the risk of severe mucocutaneous reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome); does not typically require routine serum drug monitoring.
- OlanzapineCarries a high risk for significant weight gain, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, necessitating regular monitoring of metabolic parameters.
Cevap
Lithium matches parathyroid/renal/Ebstein anomaly; Valproate matches PCOS-like symptoms/thrombocytopenia/neural tube defects; Lamotrigine matches severe mucocutaneous reactions/slow titration; Olanzapine matches metabolic syndrome risk.
Each maintenance medication for bipolar disorder has a distinct adverse effect profile that dictates specific clinical monitoring. Lithium requires monitoring of thyroid and renal function, valproate requires liver function and platelet monitoring, olanzapine requires metabolic parameter tracking, and lamotrigine requires careful clinical observation for rash during initiation.
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Anahtar Kavram
Adverse effects and monitoring of mood stabilizers and antipsychotics in bipolar disorder