Match each normal obstetrical finding or clinical milestone to the earliest gestational age at which it is typically expected during a normal, uncomplicated pregnancy.
- Transvaginal ultrasound visualization of a gestational sac containing a yolk sac5 to 6 weeks gestation
- Fetal heart tones become reliably audible via a handheld Doppler device10 to 12 weeks gestation
- Uterine fundus becomes palpable midway between the pubic symphysis and the maternal umbilicus16 weeks gestation
- Uterine fundus becomes palpable precisely at the level of the maternal umbilicus20 weeks gestation
Cevap
Yolk sac on transvaginal ultrasound: 5 to 6 weeks. Fetal heart tones via Doppler: 10 to 12 weeks. Fundus midway to umbilicus: 16 weeks. Fundus at umbilicus: 20 weeks.
In a normal pregnancy, clinical dating utilizes well-established milestones. A gestational sac containing a yolk sac is the earliest definitive sonographic evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy, reliably visible via transvaginal ultrasound at 5 to 6 weeks gestation. By 10 to 12 weeks, the uterus begins to rise out of the protective bony pelvis, which allows fetal heart tones to be auscultated externally with a handheld Doppler device. Physical examination of uterine growth follows a predictable pattern: by 12 weeks, the fundus is palpable at the pubic symphysis; by 16 weeks, it is palpable midway between the pubic symphysis and the maternal umbilicus; and by 20 weeks, it reaches the level of the umbilicus.
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Anahtar Kavram
Normal obstetrical milestones and gestational dating landmarks