A multicenter randomized controlled trial investigates a novel lipid-lowering medication for the primary prevention of myocardial infarction. Over a 5-year follow-up period, the research team reports several statistical findings to describe the drug's efficacy. Match each clinical interpretation reported by the researchers to the corresponding epidemiological measure of effect.
- The novel medication decreased the baseline risk of myocardial infarction by 35% compared to the placebo.Relative risk reduction (RRR)
- The incidence of myocardial infarction was 2.5 percentage points lower in the treatment arm than in the placebo arm.Absolute risk reduction (ARR)
- Clinicians would need to prescribe the novel medication to 40 patients over 5 years to avert a single myocardial infarction.Number needed to treat (NNT)
- Patients receiving the novel medication had 0.65 times the probability of developing a myocardial infarction compared to those on placebo.Relative risk (RR)
Cevap
The interpretations correspond to Relative risk reduction (RRR), Absolute risk reduction (ARR), Number needed to treat (NNT), and Relative risk (RR), respectively.
Each statement distinctively defines a specific epidemiological parameter used to translate clinical trial data into practice. RRR describes the proportional reduction in risk relative to baseline, ARR describes the absolute percentage point difference in risk, NNT quantifies the patient volume needed to achieve one positive outcome, and RR describes the risk ratio between the two groups.
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Anahtar Kavram
Clinical interpretation of epidemiological measures of disease frequency and association.