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Zorluk: OrtaClinical Preventive Services and Screening

A 54-year-old woman comes to the clinic for a periodic health maintenance examination. She has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Her current medications include metformin, lisinopril, amlodipine, and rosuvastatin. She underwent menopause at age 51 and has had no vaginal bleeding since that time. She does not use tobacco or alcohol. Her family history is unremarkable, with no known malignancies. Her last screening colonoscopy was performed at age 50 and was normal. Her last screening mammogram was performed at age 52 and was normal. Her last cervical cytology with human papillomavirus (HPV) co-testing was performed at age 50 and was normal. She received an intramuscular inactivated influenza vaccine 2 months ago and a Tdap booster 4 years ago. Vital signs show a blood pressure of 132/82 mm Hg, pulse of 76/min, and BMI of 34 kg/m². Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in this patient's preventive care?

  1. Screening mammographyCevap
  2. B
    Endometrial biopsy
  3. C
    Repeat colonoscopy
  4. D
    Cervical cytology and HPV co-testing
  5. E
    Intranasal live-attenuated influenza vaccine

Cevap

Screening mammography
The correct answer is screening mammography. According to current United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines, average-risk women between the ages of 40 and 74 should undergo screening mammography every 2 years. This patient is 54 years old, and her last mammogram was performed at age 52. Therefore, she is currently due for her routine biennial screening.

Adım Adım Çözüm

1
Evaluate the patient's age and interval since her last mammogram.
The patient is 54 years old and had her last mammogram at age 52 (2 years ago).
Current USPSTF guidelines recommend biennial screening mammography starting at age 40.
2
Evaluate the interval since her last colonoscopy and cervical cancer screening.
Colonoscopy was 4 years ago (due in 10 years) and Pap/HPV co-testing was 4 years ago (due in 5 years).
Ensures no other routine cancer screenings are overdue. Neither is currently indicated.
3
Assess indications for endometrial biopsy and immunizations.
She has no postmenopausal bleeding, so a biopsy is not indicated. She is up to date on her influenza and Tdap vaccines, and the live-attenuated influenza vaccine is contraindicated.
Rules out the remaining options by applying appropriate diagnostic and vaccination protocols.

Anahtar Kavram

The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends biennial screening mammography for average-risk women aged 40 to 74 years.
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