Match each patient's clinical vignette to the most accurate psychiatric diagnosis.
- A 32-year-old woman reports feeling low and hopeless for most of her life. For the past three years, she has experienced poor energy and low self-esteem on most days, without any symptom-free periods lasting more than a month.Persistent depressive disorder
- A 24-year-old man presents with depressed mood and anxiety that started one month after his fiancée ended their engagement. He continues to work but feels highly distressed; he does not meet full criteria for a major depressive episode.Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
- A 45-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presents with acute onset of severe depression and anhedonia two weeks after starting a high-dose oral glucocorticoid regimen for a recent disease flare.Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder
- A 29-year-old woman reports marked affective lability, irritability, and increased appetite that repeatedly occur during the week prior to menstruation and reliably resolve within a few days of follicular phase onset.Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Cevap
Match the 32-year-old with chronic symptoms to persistent depressive disorder, the 24-year-old with recent stress to adjustment disorder, the 45-year-old on steroids to medication-induced depressive disorder, and the 29-year-old with cyclical symptoms to premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Each diagnosis in the differential of depressive disorders has distinct requirements regarding timeline, triggers, and severity. Persistent depressive disorder requires at least 2 years of symptoms. Adjustment disorder requires an identifiable stressor within 3 months and sub-threshold symptoms for a major depressive episode. Medication-induced depressive disorder requires a plausible pharmacological trigger, such as systemic corticosteroids. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder requires symptoms strictly linked to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
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Anahtar Kavram
Differential diagnosis of depressive disorders based on symptom duration, inciting stressors, and cyclical patterns.