A 19-year-old male college student is transported to the emergency department after suddenly developing severe difficulty breathing and facial swelling while at a local seafood restaurant. He states that his throat feels tight. He has no known past medical history and takes no daily medications. On presentation, the patient is visibly anxious and using accessory muscles of respiration. Temperature is C ( F), blood pressure is mmHg, pulse is /min, respirations are /min, and oxygen saturation is on room air. Physical examination reveals audible stridor, diffuse bilateral wheezing, and raised, erythematous plaques on his anterior chest. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial step in the management of this patient?
- AIntravenous diphenhydramine
- BPortable chest radiography
- Intramuscular epinephrineCevap
- DIntravenous methylprednisolone
- EOrotracheal intubation
Cevap
Intramuscular epinephrine
The patient is experiencing anaphylactic shock, characterized by airway compromise (stridor, wheezing, throat tightness), hemodynamic instability (hypotension, tachycardia), and cutaneous manifestations (erythematous plaques). The most appropriate and critical initial step in the management of anaphylaxis is the immediate administration of intramuscular epinephrine. Epinephrine rapidly acts on alpha-1, beta-1, and beta-2 receptors to increase peripheral vascular resistance, reduce mucosal edema, and induce bronchodilation.
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Anahtar Kavram
Immediate administration of intramuscular epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis to rapidly reverse cardiovascular collapse and airway obstruction.
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