A prospective cohort study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new GLP-1 agonist in… — USMLE Step 3

A prospective cohort study is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new GLP-1 agonist in preventing the progression to diabetic nephropathy among patients with type 2 diabetes. The study enrolls $1,000$ patients who are divided equally into two groups. The intervention group receives the new GLP-1 agonist, while the control group receives the standard of care. Over a $3$ -year follow-up period, $20$ patients in the intervention group and $50$ patients in the control group develop diabetic nephropathy. Based on these findings, what is the absolute risk reduction (ARR) for developing diabetic nephropathy in the intervention group compared to the control group?

A
4%
6%Cevap
C
10%
D
40%
E
60%

Cevap

The absolute risk reduction (ARR) is defined as the absolute difference in outcome rates between the control group and the experimental group (

ARR = CER - EER

). First, determine the control event rate (CER): out of

500

patients in the standard care group,

50

developed nephropathy, resulting in a CER of

\frac{50}{500} = 0.10

10\%

. Next, determine the experimental event rate (EER): out of

500

patients in the GLP-1 agonist group,

20

developed nephropathy, resulting in an EER of

\frac{20}{500} = 0.04

4\%

. Finally, subtract the EER from the CER:

10\% - 4\% = 6\%

Adım Adım Çözüm

Calculate the Control Event Rate (CER).

CER = \frac{50}{500} = 0.10

(

10\%

)

To find the baseline risk of the outcome in the standard care group.

Calculate the Experimental Event Rate (EER).

EER = \frac{20}{500} = 0.04

(

4\%

)

To find the risk of the outcome in the new intervention group.

Calculate the Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR).

ARR = CER - EER = 10\% - 4\% = 6\%

To determine the absolute difference in risk between the two groups.

Anahtar Kavram

Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR)

Soru

Cevap

Adım Adım Çözüm

Anahtar Kavram

Sık Yapılan Hatalar

Konular

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