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Question

Difficulty: EasySelecting Concluding Sentences and Transitions

A researcher is writing a short article about the history of medicine:

When Alexander Fleming returned to his laboratory after a vacation in 1928, he noticed something unusual in one of his petri dishes. A patch of mold had grown, and the bacteria immediately surrounding it had been destroyed. This accidental observation led to the discovery of penicillin, the world's first antibiotic.

Which choice best concludes the paragraph by emphasizing the historical significance of Fleming's discovery?

  1. Ultimately, this chance event revolutionized medicine by paving the way for modern treatments of bacterial infections.Answer
  2. B
    However, Fleming also studied influenza vaccines, he worked on many other projects during his career.
  3. C
    Indeed, antibiotics will become essential tools that changed how doctors treat illnesses.
  4. D
    In contrast, penicillin is the drug, that cured infections.

Answer

The sentence that begins with 'Ultimately' and explains how the chance event revolutionized medicine by paving the way for modern treatments of bacterial infections.
The sentence emphasizing that the event revolutionized medicine is grammatically correct, logically connected, and directly fulfills the prompt's request to emphasize the historical significance of the discovery.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the rhetorical goal requested by the question.
The final sentence must conclude the paragraph and emphasize the historical significance of the discovery of penicillin.
This establishes the target criteria for evaluating the choices.
2
Examine the grammatical structure of the options.
Eliminate the choice with the comma splice, the choice with the verb tense shift, and the choice with the misplaced comma before a restrictive clause.
ACT English questions require the correct choice to be grammatically correct as well as rhetorically appropriate.
3
Evaluate the remaining option for logical flow and relevance.
The sentence beginning with 'Ultimately' connects Fleming's observation to the broader history of medicine without introducing grammatical errors or irrelevant details.
It acts as a strong conclusion by summarizing the impact of the discovery.

Key Concept

Selecting concluding sentences that summarize paragraph focus and satisfy specific rhetorical objectives.
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Topics

Selecting Concluding Sentences and Transitions

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