Question

Difficulty: HardSelecting Concluding Sentences and Transitions

Tatiana Proskouriakoff, an illustrator-turned-archaeologist, revolutionized the field of Mayan decipherment in the mid-twentieth century. For decades, prevailing scholarly consensus held that Mayan hieroglyphs represented exclusively astronomical calculations and abstract religious concepts, completely detached from historical events. However, while analyzing carved stone monuments called stelae at the ancient city of Piedras Negras, Proskouriakoff identified recurring patterns of dates that corresponded to the average lifespans of human beings. She hypothesized that these monuments did not depict nameless gods, but rather documented the actual biographies of Mayan rulers.

The writer wants to conclude the passage by emphasizing how Proskouriakoff’s discovery permanently transformed the understanding of Mayan history. Which choice best accomplishes this goal?

  1. Ultimately, her realization changed Mayan history from a blank slate into a written narrative, bridging the gap between prehistoric myth and documented history.Answer
  2. B
    Therefore, her work proved that the glyphs were historical, it allowed researchers to reconstruct the dynasties of Mayan cities.
  3. C
    In contrast, her breakthrough will inspire a new generation of epigraphers who cracked the phonetic code of the remaining glyphs.
  4. D
    In addition to this epigraphic breakthrough, her detailed watercolor reconstructions of ancient temples provided architects with invaluable visual records of classic Mayan ruins.

Answer

Ultimately, her realization changed Mayan history from a blank slate into a written narrative, bridging the gap between prehistoric myth and documented history.
The correct option effectively wraps up the discussion of Mayan decipherment by summarizing how Proskouriakoff’s work transformed the understanding of Mayan history from a blank slate to a documented narrative. It maintains a logical flow and is grammatically correct.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the prompt's specific rhetorical goal, which is to find a concluding sentence that emphasizes how Proskouriakoff's discovery permanently transformed the understanding of Mayan history.
Identify that the correct sentence must connect her decipherment breakthrough directly to a fundamental change in how Mayan history is recorded or understood, without introducing new, unrelated topics.
The prompt explicitly directs the reader to focus on the long-term impact on the understanding of Mayan history.
2
Evaluate the choices for grammatical correctness and logical transitions.
Identify that the option containing 'Therefore, her work proved... it allowed...' is a comma splice, and the option containing 'In contrast, her breakthrough will inspire...' contains both an inappropriate transition and an unnecessary tense shift.
ACT English questions test grammatical conventions alongside rhetorical goals; incorrect grammar or punctuation automatically disqualifies an option.
3
Assess the remaining options for focus and relevance.
Recognize that the option discussing 'watercolor reconstructions' introduces new, unsupported details that distract from the main topic of historical text decipherment, whereas the option starting with 'Ultimately, her realization' accurately summarizes the historical transformation.
An effective conclusion must stay on topic and tie back to the passage's main thesis rather than bringing in new details.

Key Concept

Selecting Concluding Sentences and Transitions
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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