Question

Difficulty: HardAnalogous Relationships

In historical lexicography, the preservation of archaic terms is rarely a matter of passive survival. Rather, obsolete words are often intentionally maintained by legal institutions to create a specialized, impenetrable argot. By preserving terms whose original referents have vanished, these institutions construct a linguistic barrier that prevents laypeople from easily navigating administrative procedures, thereby securing the monopoly of trained attorneys. Although critics view these linguistic relics as inefficient leftovers of a bygone era, their preservation is a deliberate strategy. The archaic vocabulary does not exist to link the present to the past, but rather to divide the initiate from the uninitiated, ensuring that a specialized class remains indispensable for translating what should be public knowledge.

Based on the passage, the legal institutions' preservation of archaic terms is most analogous to which of the following scenarios?

  1. A
    A linguistic society updates its dictionary to remove obsolete terms, ensuring that modern speakers can communicate more clearly without historical barriers.
  2. B
    A university library translates ancient legal manuscripts into modern English, allowing legal historians to study the evolution of judicial procedures over centuries.
  3. A software company deliberately retains complex, outdated code protocols in its operating system to prevent third-party developers from creating compatible applications, thereby protecting its market share.Answer
  4. D
    An elite social club retains an old, inefficient booking system solely because the founders' descendants enjoy the nostalgic aesthetic of paper ledgers.

Answer

The option describing a software company retaining outdated protocols to prevent third-party compatibility and protect its market share.
The correct answer describes a scenario where an organization retains an outdated element (outdated code protocols) to create a barrier against outsiders (third-party developers) and preserve its own dominance (market share). This structurally mirrors the passage, where legal institutions preserve obsolete words to create a linguistic barrier that excludes laypeople and secures their monopoly.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the passage to identify the core relationship and structural dynamic.
The passage describes legal institutions preserving obsolete, archaic terms to create an artificial barrier that excludes laypeople, thereby protecting the monopoly of lawyers.
Understanding the underlying functional structure is necessary to find a parallel analogy.
2
Strip the relationship of its surface details (law, language, history) to express it abstractly.
An authority or dominant group preserves an obsolete, non-functional asset to act as a barrier against outsiders, securing their exclusive control.
Analogous relationships on the ACT share structural dynamics but use completely different subject matter.
3
Evaluate the choices to find the one that matches this abstract structural dynamic.
The option involving a software company retaining outdated protocols to block third-party developers matches the pattern of preserving an obsolete element to create a barrier and secure a market monopoly.
This choice shares the exact relational structure of preservation, barrier, exclusion, and monopoly.

Key Concept

Identifying analogous relationships across different contexts by mapping structural and logical dynamics rather than surface details.
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