Question

Difficulty: MediumProperties of Exponents in Algebraic Expressions
For all non-zero real numbers yy, the expression
(y3)2(y4)ay5\frac{(y^3)^2 \cdot (y^{-4})^a}{y^5}
is equivalent to y7y^{-7}. What is the value of aa?
  1. 22Answer
  2. B
    3-3
  3. C
    4-4
  4. D
    112\frac{1}{12}
  5. E
    32\frac{3}{2}

Answer

The correct value of aa is 2.
Applying the exponent rules systematically allows us to simplify the expression. First, (y3)2(y^3)^2 becomes y6y^6 and (y4)a(y^{-4})^a becomes y4ay^{-4a} using the power of a power rule. Second, we combine the terms in the numerator using the product rule to get y64ay^{6-4a}. Third, we divide by y5y^5 using the quotient rule to obtain y64a5=y14ay^{6-4a-5} = y^{1-4a}. Setting this equal to the target expression y7y^{-7} gives the equation 14a=71-4a = -7. Solving for aa gives 4a=8-4a = -8, which simplifies to 22.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Apply the power of a power rule, (xm)n=xmn(x^m)^n = x^{mn}, to the exponential terms in the numerator.
(y3)2=y6(y^3)^2 = y^6 and (y4)a=y4a(y^{-4})^a = y^{-4a}
This simplifies nested exponent terms into single base terms.
2
Apply the product rule of exponents, xmxn=xm+nx^m \cdot x^n = x^{m+n}, to combine the numerator terms.
y6y4a=y64ay^6 \cdot y^{-4a} = y^{6-4a}
This simplifies the numerator to a single power of yy.
3
Apply the quotient rule of exponents, xmxn=xmn\frac{x^m}{x^n} = x^{m-n}, to divide by the denominator.
y64ay5=y(64a)5=y14a\frac{y^{6-4a}}{y^5} = y^{(6-4a) - 5} = y^{1-4a}
This simplifies the entire rational expression into a single exponential expression.
4
Equate the simplified exponent to the exponent of the equivalent expression and solve the linear equation for aa.
14a=7    4a=8    a=21-4a = -7 \implies -4a = -8 \implies a = 2
Since the bases are equal and non-zero, their exponents must be equal for the expressions to be equivalent.

Key Concept

Properties of Exponents in Algebraic Expressions
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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