Question

The following is an excerpt from a passage about the history of climate science.

In 1856, Eunice Foote, an American scientist and women's rights campaigner, conducted a series of simple experiments that would help shape modern climate science. Using two glass cylinders, a thermometer, and an air pump, Foote compared the heating effects of solar radiation on different gases. She discovered that a cylinder filled with moist air and carbon dioxide became significantly warmer than one filled with common air, and that it took much longer to cool down.

[1] __________________________________________________ Her paper, 'Circumstances affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays,' was presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. However, because women were not permitted to speak at the conference, the paper was read aloud by Joseph Henry, the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Despite the significance of her findings, Foote's contribution to climate science went largely unnoticed for more than a century, with credit for demonstrating the greenhouse effect typically assigned to John Tyndall, who published a more detailed study three years later.

Which of the following sentences, if inserted at the beginning of the second paragraph (at [1]), would provide the most effective and grammatically correct introduction to that paragraph?