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Difficulty: EasyThe Great Migration and Demographic Shifts

Read the following excerpt from a Southern industrial publication, the *Manufacturers’ Record*, published in 1916:

'The Negroes of the South are being enticed to the North by the promise of high wages in the industrial plants and shipyards. This labor drain is threatening our agricultural production. We must take steps to counteract this movement by showcasing the benefits of Southern employment.'

Based on the excerpt, which of the following best describes the driver of the Great Migration that the author is addressing?

  1. A
    A Southern push factor, which was the desire to escape racial terror and Jim Crow segregation.
  2. A Northern pull factor, which was the promise of higher wages in industrial plants and shipyards.Answer
  3. C
    A Southern pull factor, which was the expansion of equitable sharecropping opportunities.
  4. D
    A Northern push factor, which was the introduction of federal laws mandating integrated housing.

Answer

A Northern pull factor, which was the promise of higher wages in industrial plants and shipyards.
The correct answer is the option focusing on the Northern pull factor of industrial jobs and wages. The excerpt explicitly points to the 'promise of high wages in the industrial plants and shipyards' of the North as the force drawing workers away from the South, which is a classic pull factor.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the stimulus quote to identify the specific cause of migration mentioned by the author.
The author states that Black workers are 'enticed to the North by the promise of high wages in the industrial plants and shipyards.'
This establishes the factual basis of the migration driver discussed in the text.
2
Classify the identified cause using the historical concepts of push and pull factors.
Economic opportunities and job availability in the destination region (the North) represent pull factors, whereas negative conditions in the origin region (the South) represent push factors.
Applying the correct demographic terminology allows for the selection of the accurate classification.

Key Concept

The Great Migration was driven by a combination of Southern push factors (such as Jim Crow laws and racial violence) and Northern pull factors (such as industrial job opportunities and higher wages).
Estimated Time:45s
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Topics

The Great Migration and Demographic Shifts

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