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Question

Difficulty: MediumFormal Register and Academic Vocabulary

A high school student is refining the conclusion of an argumentative essay about space exploration and needs to elevate the academic tone of the sentence below:

"Para asegurar el progreso continuo de estas misiones, es esencial que el comité internacional __les da permiso a las empresas para meterse en el proyecto y así no gastar un dineral__."

Which of the following replacements for the underlined text best demonstrates the formal register and grammatical structures expected in an academic essay?

  1. A
    autoriza la participación del sector privado en el proyecto para así optimizar los recursos financieros
  2. autorice la participación del sector privado en el proyecto para así optimizar los recursos financierosAnswer
  3. C
    autorice que las compañías privadas se metan en el proyecto para así no gastar una fortuna
  4. D
    autoriza que el sector corporativo se integre al proyecto para así salvar bastante dinero

Answer

The revision that correctly uses the subjunctive mood ('autorice') and maintains formal academic vocabulary throughout the clause.
The correct answer properly applies the subjunctive mood ('autorice') triggered by the impersonal expression 'es esencial que'. Furthermore, it demonstrates a strong command of formal register by replacing the colloquial 'meterse' and 'no gastar un dineral' with sophisticated academic terminology ('participación del sector privado' and 'optimizar los recursos financieros').

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the grammatical structure of the sentence immediately preceding the underlined portion.
The phrase 'es esencial que' is an impersonal expression that requires the subordinate clause to be formulated in the subjunctive mood.
Identifying grammatical triggers is necessary to eliminate options that use the incorrect verb mood.
2
Evaluate the main verb forms provided in the answer choices.
Two options use the correct subjunctive form ('autorice'), while two options incorrectly use the indicative form ('autoriza').
This step eliminates the indicative options regardless of their vocabulary, as grammatical accuracy is a baseline requirement.
3
Analyze the remaining options for appropriate academic register and vocabulary.
The option containing 'se metan' and 'gastar una fortuna' is too colloquial. The correct option elevates the language by using 'participación del sector privado' and 'optimizar los recursos financieros'.
Argumentative essays require formal, sophisticated vocabulary and must avoid conversational phrasing or slang.

Key Concept

Formal Register and the Subjunctive Mood in Academic Writing
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Topics

Formal Register and Academic Vocabulary