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Question

Difficulty: MediumStates of Matter and Phase Changes

Match each thermodynamic process or thermal property to its correct physical description regarding phase changes and energy transfer.

  • SublimationThe direct phase transition from a solid to a gas, bypassing the liquid state entirely while absorbing thermal energy.
  • Latent Heat of VaporizationThe thermal energy absorbed by a liquid to transition into a gas while the system's temperature remains completely constant.
  • CondensationThe process where a gas releases thermal energy and transitions into a liquid, commonly seen on cooling coils.
  • Sensible HeatingThe transfer of thermal energy that results in a measurable temperature increase within a single phase of matter.

Answer

Sublimation matches the direct solid-to-gas transition. Latent Heat of Vaporization matches the energy absorbed during a liquid-to-gas phase change at constant temperature. Condensation matches the transition from gas to liquid. Sensible Heating matches a temperature increase within a single phase.
Each thermodynamic term has a specific mechanical definition. Sublimation skips the liquid phase. Latent heat drives phase changes at a constant temperature plateau, whereas sensible heat drives temperature changes without altering the phase. Condensation is the exothermic return from gas to liquid.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the definitions for phase transitions that bypass the liquid state entirely.
Identify that Sublimation matches the transition directly from solid to gas.
Sublimation is a unique phase change property observed in substances like dry ice, skipping the melting phase.
2
Distinguish between latent heat and sensible heat.
Map Latent Heat of Vaporization to the process where state changes but temperature is constant, and map Sensible Heating to the process where temperature increases but state remains unchanged.
Latent heat plateau occurs during phase changes, whereas sensible heat causes a measurable temperature change on a thermometer.
3
Identify the remaining gas-to-liquid phase change.
Condensation matches the process of a gas releasing heat to become a liquid.
This is a standard thermodynamic reversal of boiling/vaporization.

Key Concept

States of Matter, Phase Transitions, and Thermal Energy Types
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

States of Matter and Phase Changes

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