All practice questions

Match each target vocabulary word on the left with its most accurate direct synonym on the right:

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

ACRIMONIOUS pairs with Bitter; LUCID pairs with Clear; PRAGMATIC pairs with Practical; ARDUOUS pairs with Strenuous.

Each isolated word correctly matches its core denotation: ACRIMONIOUS denotes a bitter, caustic tone; LUCID denotes clarity and comprehensibility; PRAGMATIC denotes practical action over theory; and ARDUOUS denotes exhausting, strenuous effort.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze ACRIMONIOUS

Identified root 'acri-' denoting sharpness/bitterness.

ACRIMONIOUS refers to sharp or caustic speech, aligning with 'Bitter'.

2

Analyze LUCID

Identified root 'luc-' denoting light or clarity.

LUCID indicates clarity of thought or expression, pairing with 'Clear'.

3

Analyze PRAGMATIC

Identified meaning related to practical considerations rather than theoretical ideals.

PRAGMATIC directly corresponds to 'Practical'.

4

Analyze ARDUOUS

Identified meaning describing heavy, exhausting physical or mental labor.

ARDUOUS means demanding great exertion, pairing with 'Strenuous'.

Key Concept

Direct synonym identification of isolated academic adjectives.

Estimated Time:1m 0s

Question 3542Question →

The emergency supply cache became sparse after weeks without deliveries, leaving only a few scattered rations on the shelves.

In this context, sparse most nearly means which of the following?

spacious

scarce

abundant

spoiled

Show answer & explanation

Answer: scarce

Answer

scarce

The word 'scarce' is correct because the context explicitly clarifies that the supply cache had dwindled to 'only a few scattered rations,' indicating an inadequate or thinly spread amount.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Identify the contextual clues in the sentence surrounding the bolded word.

The phrase 'leaving only a few scattered rations on the shelves' serves as a direct definition and elaboration of the condition described by the word 'sparse'.

Examining explanatory clauses in the sentence clarifies the specific intended meaning of the target word.

2

Compare the options against the identified meaning of limited or thinly distributed quantity.

'Scarce' precisely conveys the concept of low quantity and scattered availability.

Synonym selection requires matching the semantic meaning and grammatical role indicated by the surrounding text.

Key Concept

Context Clues for Synonyms

Question 3543Question →

Analyze the Greek and Latin prefixes, roots, and suffixes of the vocabulary words on the left. Match each term with its most precise synonym on the right. Which pairs correctly match each word to its corresponding meaning?

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Antipathy matches with Deep-seated hostility; Circumlocution matches with Indirect phrasing; Euphonious matches with Pleasantly sounding; Intractable matches with Difficult to manage.

Each word's precise meaning is directly revealed by combining its Greek or Latin prefix with its base root and suffix: anti- (against) + path (feeling) yields hostility; circum- (around) + locut (speak) yields indirect phrasing; eu- (good) + phon (sound) yields pleasant sound; in- (not) + tract (handle/pull) yields difficult to manage.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Deconstruct each vocabulary word into its morphological units (prefix, root base, and derivational suffix).

Identified: anti- + path + -y; circum- + locut + -ion; eu- + phon + -ious; in- + tract + -able.

Affixes provide critical structural clues that define core meanings and grammatical categories.

2

Synthesize the meaning of the combined morphemes for each term.

Antipathy indicates opposing feeling; Circumlocution indicates speaking around; Euphonious indicates pleasing sound; Intractable indicates not easily guided or pulled.

Connecting affix definitions determines the denotation of advanced vocabulary words.

3

Pair each synthesized definition with the corresponding synonym in the right column.

All four terms are aligned with their precise contextual synonyms.

Validates exact semantic correspondence without distractor confusion.

Key Concept

Prefix and Suffix Analysis

Estimated Time:1m 30s

Question 3544Question →

A topographic map uses a scale of $\frac{3}{8}\text{ inch} = 15\text{ miles}$ . A rectangular section of a national forest is shown on this map with dimensions of $1\frac{1}{2}\text{ inches}$ by $2\frac{1}{4}\text{ inches}$ . If a conservation program plans to plant $400$ trees per square mile throughout this entire section, how many thousands of trees will be planted in total?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 2160

Answer

2160

The correct answer is found by first determining the unit scale factor. Since 3/8 inch represents 15 miles, dividing 15 by 3/8 reveals that 1 inch represents 40 miles. Multiplying the map dimensions (1.5 inches and 2.25 inches) by 40 gives the actual dimensions of 60 miles and 90 miles. The actual area is the product of these dimensions, or 5,400 square miles. Multiplying the area by 400 trees per square mile yields 2,160,000 total trees. Finally, dividing by 1,000 gives the answer in thousands: 2,160.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Calculate the unit scale (miles per inch).

\frac{3}{8}\text{ inch} = 15\text{ miles} \Rightarrow 1\text{ inch} = 15 \times \frac{8}{3} = 40\text{ miles}

.

Finding the value of 1 inch makes it much easier to convert the mixed-fraction map dimensions.

2

Convert the map width to actual miles.

1\frac{1}{2}\text{ inches} = 1.5 \times 40 = 60\text{ miles}

.

The linear scale applies directly to one-dimensional measurements.

3

Convert the map length to actual miles.

2\frac{1}{4}\text{ inches} = 2.25 \times 40 = 90\text{ miles}

.

Applying the same linear scale factor to the other dimension.

4

Calculate the actual area of the forest.

60\text{ miles} \times 90\text{ miles} = 5400\text{ square miles}

.

The total planting area is required to determine how many trees are needed.

5

Calculate the total number of trees.

5400\text{ square miles} \times 400\text{ trees/square mile} = 2,160,000\text{ trees}

.

Applying the rate of 400 trees per square mile yields the absolute total.

6

Convert the final answer to the requested unit (thousands).

2,160,000 \div 1000 = 2160\text{ thousands}

.

The question specifically asks 'how many thousands of trees'.

Key Concept

Converting mixed-fraction map scales into actual dimensions to calculate applied area.

Question 3545Question →

Analyze the Latin roots of the following words. Match each target word on the left with its most precise synonym on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Inexorable matches Unyielding, Perfidious matches Treacherous, Obsequious matches Fawning, and Intractable matches Stubborn.

Each word accurately corresponds to its synonym by decoding its original Latin components: 'in-' + 'exorare' (not yielding to pleading) matches Unyielding; 'per-' + 'fides' (breaking faith) matches Treacherous; 'ob-' + 'sequi' (following too closely) matches Fawning; and 'in-' + 'tract' (not able to be pulled or handled) matches Stubborn.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze 'Inexorable' by breaking down its Latin roots: 'in-' (not) + 'exorare' (to entreat/plead).

Identify that the word means impossible to persuade or stop.

Understanding the root reveals it relates to someone or something that will not yield to requests, mapping it to 'Unyielding'.

2

Analyze 'Perfidious' using the root 'fides' (faith) and the prefix 'per-' (used pejoratively to mean detriment).

Deduce that the word implies breaking faith or betraying trust.

Recognizing the connection to 'faith' restricts the options to synonyms involving trust or loyalty, pointing directly to 'Treacherous'.

3

Analyze 'Obsequious' by identifying the root 'sequi' (to follow) and prefix 'ob-' (toward).

Determine the meaning is excessively eager to follow, serve, or please.

The concept of 'following' relates directly to subservience and excessive flattery, matching 'Fawning'.

4

Analyze 'Intractable' by identifying 'in-' (not) and the root 'tract' (to pull or handle).

Determine the word refers to something that cannot be easily managed or pulled along.

This root analysis accurately maps the word to an unmanageable nature, meaning 'Stubborn'.

Key Concept

Root Word Analysis

Question 3546Question →

A roofing crew is applying a waterproof liquid coating to a flat, rectangular building roof that is $90\text{ feet}$ long and $60\text{ feet}$ wide. If the coating material costs $\$12$ per square yard, what is the total cost to coat the entire roof?

\$1,200

\$7,200

\$21,600

\$64,800

Show answer & explanation

Answer: $\$7,200$

Answer

The total cost to coat the entire roof is

\$7,200

.

To find the total cost, the area must be calculated in square yards because the price is given per square yard. Since

3\text{ feet} = 1\text{ yard}

, the dimensions of the roof are

30\text{ yards}

by

20\text{ yards}

. The area is

30 \times 20 = 600\text{ square yards}

. Multiplying this area by the

\$12

cost per square yard yields

\$7,200

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Convert the length and width of the roof from feet to yards.

Length =

30\text{ yards}

, Width =

20\text{ yards}

.

The cost of the coating is given per square yard, so it is most efficient to work with linear dimensions in yards (

3\text{ feet} = 1\text{ yard}

).

2

Calculate the total area of the roof in square yards.

30\text{ yards} \times 20\text{ yards} = 600\text{ square yards}

.

The area of a rectangle is found by multiplying its length by its width.

3

Multiply the total area by the cost per square yard.

600\text{ sq yd} \times \$12\text{/sq yd} = \$7,200

.

This determines the final material cost required to cover the entire area.

Key Concept

Calculating rectangular area and applying proper unit conversions between square feet and square yards to determine total cost.

Question 3547Question →

A military cargo aircraft flies from Base Alpha to Base Bravo at an average speed of $300$ miles per hour. Upon arrival, the aircraft spends exactly $1$ hour and $30$ minutes on the ground being loaded. It then returns to Base Alpha along the exact same route at an average speed of $600$ miles per hour. If the total elapsed time for the entire mission, from the initial departure to the final return, was $7$ hours and $30$ minutes, what was the aircraft's overall average speed, in miles per hour, for the entire mission?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 320

Answer

The aircraft's overall average speed for the entire mission was

320

miles per hour.

The correct overall average speed is found by first calculating the total distance traveled, and then dividing it by the total elapsed time for the mission. By subtracting the

1.5

-hour ground delay from the

7.5

-hour total time, we find the aircraft flew for a total of

6

hours. Using the relationship

\frac{D}{300} + \frac{D}{600} = 6

, we find the one-way distance

D

is

1200

miles. Therefore, the total round-trip distance is

2400

miles. Dividing the

2400

miles by the total mission time of

7.5

hours yields an overall average speed of

320

mph.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Determine the actual time the aircraft spent flying.

7

hours and

30

minutes total minus

1

hour and

30

minutes on the ground equals

6

hours of flight time.

The total elapsed time includes the ground time, which must be subtracted to isolate the time spent traveling at the given speeds.

2

Set up an equation to find the one-way distance between the bases.

Let

D

be the one-way distance.

\frac{D}{300} + \frac{D}{600} = 6

Time equals distance divided by rate. The sum of the time for the outbound flight and the return flight equals the total flight time.

3

Solve the equation for the one-way distance (

D

).

D = 1200

miles

\frac{2D}{600} + \frac{D}{600} = 6 \Rightarrow \frac{3D}{600} = 6 \Rightarrow \frac{D}{200} = 6 \Rightarrow D = 1200

.

4

Calculate the total distance traveled during the entire mission.

1200 \times 2 = 2400

miles

The mission is a round trip, so the one-way distance must be doubled.

5

Calculate the overall average speed for the entire mission.

2400 \div 7.5 = 320

miles per hour.

Overall average speed equals total distance divided by total elapsed time (which includes the ground delay).

Key Concept

Overall average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total elapsed time, which includes any stationary delays. It cannot be calculated by simply averaging the individual speeds.

Alternative Method

Instead of solving for distance first, you can use the harmonic mean of the speeds to find the average speed while in the air:

\frac{2 \times 300 \times 600}{300 + 600} = 400 \text{ mph}

. The aircraft flew for

6

hours at an average of

400 \text{ mph}

, covering

2400

miles. Then, divide

2400

miles by the total mission time (

7.5

hours) to find the overall average speed:

320 \text{ mph}

.

Estimated Time:3m 0s

Question 3548Question →

The commanding officer commended the squad leader for being resolute when faced with unexpected mission setbacks.

Which of the following words has a positive connotation that best matches the meaning of the word "resolute" in this context?

stubborn

determined

hesitant

aggressive

Show answer & explanation

Answer: determined

Answer

determined

The word "resolute" means admirably purposeful, determined, and unwavering. In the sentence, the leader is commended, requiring a synonym with a positive connotation. The word "determined" expresses steadfast purpose in a favorable light.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the context and tone of the sentence.

The commanding officer is praising the squad leader, indicating that the target word "resolute" is used with an approving, positive tone.

Contextual tone helps determine whether a positive, neutral, or negative synonym is needed.

2

Evaluate the connotation and denotation of each answer choice.

"Determined" conveys purposeful firmness in a positive manner, whereas "stubborn" has a negative connotation, "hesitant" is an antonym, and "aggressive" introduces unintended hostility.

The correct choice must match both the literal definition and the complimentary tone of the context.

Key Concept

Connotation and Tone in Synonyms

Estimated Time:35s

Question 3549Question →

Which of the following words is the most direct synonym for the target word IMPEDE?

Assist

Impel

Obstruct

Accelerate

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Obstruct

Answer

Obstruct

The word 'impede' means to hinder, delay, or block progress. Among the choices, 'Obstruct' directly matches this definition, making it the most accurate synonym.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Define the target word

'IMPEDE' is a verb that means to delay, hinder, or obstruct the progress of something.

Identifying the core meaning of the isolated word establishes the benchmark for finding its synonym.

2

Compare the options to find the semantic match

'Obstruct' directly conveys the meaning of blocking or hindering, matching the grammatical role and definition of 'impede'.

The correct synonym must share the exact definition and part of speech as the target word.

Key Concept

Identifying direct synonyms for isolated vocabulary words by matching definitions and grammatical categories.

Estimated Time:30s

Question 3550Question →

The field mechanics secured the damaged generator on a precarious ledge, warning the team that any slight vibration could send the heavy unit falling into the ravine below. In this sentence, precarious most nearly means which of the following?

stable

unstable

precious

valuable

Show answer & explanation

Answer: unstable

Answer

unstable

The sentence provides direct context clues showing that the generator is in a hazardous, insecure position where even a minor vibration could cause it to plunge into the ravine. Therefore, 'precarious' means dangerously insecure or unstable.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the context clues in the sentence

The phrase 'warning the team that any slight vibration could send the heavy unit falling into the ravine below' provides a clear cause-and-effect clue about the condition of the ledge.

Contextual clues describing danger, potential collapse, or delicate balance directly define the physical state of the object.

2

Evaluate the answer choices against the deduced meaning

The word 'unstable' accurately matches the meaning of dangerously insecure and likely to fall.

Replacing 'precarious' with 'unstable' maintains the logical integrity and tone of the sentence.

Key Concept

Using cause-and-effect and situational context clues to identify contextual synonyms.

Estimated Time:45s

Question 3551Question →

A homeowner is applying a protective sealant to a rectangular wooden patio that completely surrounds a rectangular swimming pool. The overall dimensions of the patio and pool together are $40\text{ feet}$ long and $30\text{ feet}$ wide. The swimming pool inside measures $25\text{ feet}$ long and $15\text{ feet}$ wide. One gallon of sealant covers exactly $150\text{ square feet}$ of wood and costs $\$28$ . If the homeowner must purchase whole gallons of sealant, what is the total cost, in dollars, of the sealant required for the wooden patio?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 168

Answer

The total cost of the sealant is $168.

The net area of the patio is found by subtracting the pool area from the total area (

1200 - 375 = 825\text{ sq ft}

). Dividing this by the coverage rate (

825 \div 150 = 5.5

) shows how many gallons are needed. Since partial gallons are not sold, this rounds up to

6\text{ gallons}

. At

\$28

per gallon, the cost is

6 \times 28 = \$168

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Calculate the total combined area of the patio and the pool.

1200\text{ square feet}

To find the gross area before removing the inner section, multiply the overall length by the width (

40 \times 30

).

2

Calculate the area of the swimming pool.

375\text{ square feet}

To find the area that does not require sealant, multiply the pool's length by its width (

25 \times 15

).

3

Subtract the pool area from the total area.

825\text{ square feet}

To find the net area of the wooden patio that actually needs sealant (

1200 - 375

).

4

Divide the net area by the coverage of one gallon of sealant.

5.5\text{ gallons}

To determine the exact volume of sealant required (

825 \div 150

).

5

Round up to the next whole gallon.

6\text{ gallons}

Because the homeowner must purchase whole gallons, any fraction requires buying an additional full gallon.

6

Multiply the number of gallons by the cost per gallon.

\$168

To calculate the final total cost (

6 \times 28

).

Key Concept

Calculating net rectangular area by subtracting an inner rectangle from an outer boundary, and applying real-world constraints such as rounding up to whole purchasing units.

Estimated Time:1m 30s

Question 3552Question →

Read each sentence below and use the surrounding context clues to determine the meaning of the bolded target word. Which definition correctly matches each bolded word in context?

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The bolded words match their definitions as follows: 'abundant' matches 'Plentiful or available in large amounts'; 'dismantle' matches 'Disassemble or take apart into separate pieces'; 'cautious' matches 'Careful and alert to avoid potential hazards'; and 'conceal' matches 'Hide or keep out of sight.'

Each target word is directly explained by surrounding contextual modifiers: 'large quantities' defines 'abundant' as plentiful; 'taking it apart' defines 'dismantle' as disassembling; 'driving slowly and watching attentively' defines 'cautious' as careful; and using netting so items 'could not [be] spot[ted]' defines 'conceal' as hiding.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the context clues for 'abundant'

The phrase 'existing in large quantities' indicates an ample supply.

Restatement clues clarify that 'abundant' corresponds to plentiful.

2

Analyze the context clues for 'dismantle'

The phrase 'taking it apart piece by piece' defines mechanical disassembly.

Process description clues match 'dismantle' to disassemble.

3

Analyze the context clues for 'cautious'

The behaviors 'driving slowly and watching attentively' describe prudent behavior.

Descriptive action clues match 'cautious' to careful and alert.

4

Analyze the context clues for 'conceal'

The phrase 'so aerial surveillance could not spot them' indicates obscuring from vision.

Purpose/effect clues match 'conceal' to hide.

Key Concept

Identifying contextual synonyms using restatement, explanation, and cause-effect clues

Question 3553Question →

A mountain rescue snowmobile is dispatched to retrieve a stranded hiker. It travels from base camp to the hiker's location at an average speed of $30$ miles per hour. Carrying the extra passenger on the return trip, the snowmobile heads back along the exact same trail at an average speed of $20$ miles per hour. If the total driving time for the entire rescue mission is $90$ minutes, what is the total round-trip distance traveled by the snowmobile?

18

miles

36

miles

37.5

miles

75

miles

Show answer & explanation

Answer: $36$ miles

Answer

The total round-trip distance is

36

miles.

To find the total distance, we must use the relationship between distance, rate, and time. Because the one-way distances are equal, we can represent the one-way distance as

d

. The time for the outbound trip is

\frac{d}{30}

and the return trip is

\frac{d}{20}

. Their sum equals the total time of

1.5

hours (since

90

minutes is

1.5

hours). Solving

\frac{d}{30} + \frac{d}{20} = 1.5

yields

d = 18

. The round-trip distance is

2d

, which is

36

miles.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Convert the total driving time from minutes to hours.

90 \text{ minutes} = 1.5 \text{ hours}

Speed is given in miles per hour, so time must be consistent with these units.

2

Set up an equation representing the total time using the formula

\text{Time} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Rate}}

. Let

d

represent the one-way distance.

\frac{d}{30} + \frac{d}{20} = 1.5

The total time is the sum of the time taken for the outbound trip and the time taken for the return trip.

3

Solve for the one-way distance (

d

) by finding a common denominator.

\frac{2d}{60} + \frac{3d}{60} = 1.5 \Rightarrow \frac{5d}{60} = 1.5 \Rightarrow \frac{d}{12} = 1.5 \Rightarrow d = 18 \text{ miles}

Solving the equation provides the distance for a single leg of the journey.

4

Calculate the total round-trip distance by multiplying the one-way distance by 2.

18 \times 2 = 36 \text{ miles}

The question asks for the total round-trip distance, which includes both the outbound and return legs.

Key Concept

Calculating distance for a round trip involving different speeds by setting up a total time equation.

Question 3554Question →

The lead engineer advised the technicians to temper their enthusiasm with caution until all structural stress test results were fully verified.

In the sentence above, temper most nearly means:

intensify

irritate

moderate

celebrate

Show answer & explanation

Answer: moderate

Answer

moderate

In this context, the verb 'temper' means to modify, soften, or balance something by adding a counteracting quality. The engineer wants the technicians to balance their excitement with prudence ('with caution'), making 'moderate' the precise synonym.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the sentence structure and context clues surrounding the target word.

The phrase 'with caution until all structural stress test results were fully verified' indicates balancing or restraining an initial reaction.

Context clues define how the verb functions relative to 'enthusiasm' and 'caution'.

2

Determine the contextual meaning of the verb 'temper' when applied to an emotional state or attitude.

'Temper' in this context means to tone down, balance, or moderate enthusiasm with prudence.

Polysemous words often carry specialized secondary meanings depending on their direct objects.

3

Evaluate the answer choices to identify the exact synonym that matches this meaning.

'Moderate' directly captures the action of making something less extreme or restrained.

Eliminating antonyms and unrelated noun-form definitions isolates the single correct synonym.

Key Concept

Using context clues to determine the secondary meaning of a polysemous verb.

Estimated Time:45s

Question 3555Question →

Based on the context clues provided in the sentence, type the synonym that best matches the meaning of the bold word to complete the statement.

Fill in the blanks below

Because the icy runway was hazardous, flight operations were suspended since landing conditions were considered far too for aircraft.

Show answer & explanation

Answer

dangerous (or unsafe)

The sentence provides a direct cause-and-effect clue: because the runway was icy and posed a severe safety risk, flight operations were halted. Therefore, 'hazardous' means involving risk or danger, making 'dangerous' or 'unsafe' the exact synonym required.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Identify the target word and surrounding context clues in the sentence.

The target word is 'hazardous', and the context establishes that icy runways caused flight operations to be suspended.

Understanding the causal relationship helps determine the definition of the target word.

2

Deduce the meaning of 'hazardous' from the cause-and-effect scenario.

'Hazardous' describes an environment involving significant risk, harm, or danger.

Suspending flights indicates that landing was unsafe or perilous.

3

Select a direct synonym that fits grammatically into the blank.

The word 'dangerous' (or 'unsafe') accurately completes the sentence with the identical meaning.

Replacing 'hazardous' with 'dangerous' maintains the original meaning and grammatical structure.

Key Concept

Using cause-and-effect context clues to determine the synonym of an adjective

Question 3556Question →

An interior designer is planning to cover a rectangular accent wall with custom wallpaper. The wall measures $15\text{ feet}$ in width and $8\text{ feet}$ in height. If the wallpaper costs $\$4$ per square foot, what is the total cost, in dollars, of the wallpaper needed for this wall?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 480

Answer

480

The wall is a rectangle, so its area is found by multiplying the width (

15\text{ feet}

) by the height (

8\text{ feet}

), which equals

120\text{ square feet}

. Since the wallpaper costs

\$4

per square foot, multiplying the total area by the rate (

120 \times 4

) gives a total cost of

\$480

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Calculate the area of the rectangular wall.

15 \times 8 = 120\text{ square feet}

The area determines how much surface the wallpaper needs to cover.

2

Calculate the total cost of the wallpaper.

120 \times 4 = 480\text{ dollars}

Multiplying the total square footage by the cost per square foot provides the final amount.

Key Concept

Calculating rectangular area and applying a unit cost rate.

Question 3557Question →

The lead engineer criticized the legacy mainframe as antediluvian after discovering that replacement parts were no longer manufactured. In this context, what does the word antediluvian most nearly mean?

hostile

flooded

outdated

modern

Show answer & explanation

Answer: outdated

Answer

outdated

The word 'antediluvian' is formed from the Latin prefix 'ante-' (meaning before), the root 'diluvium' (meaning deluge or flood), and the adjectival suffix '-an' (meaning pertaining to). Literally meaning 'existing before the biblical flood,' it is standardly used to describe something that is extremely old-fashioned, primitive, or outdated.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Isolate the prefix and identify its meaning

The prefix 'ante-' means 'before' or 'prior to' in Latin.

Prefix identification helps establish the chronological direction of the root.

2

Examine the root word and derivational suffix

The root 'diluvium' refers to a great deluge or flood, and the suffix '-an' functions as an adjective formative meaning 'pertaining to' or 'belonging to'.

Analyzing the root and suffix gives the complete literal construction: 'belonging to the era before the deluge.'

3

Synthesize the morphological elements with sentence context

Referring to something as existing before the biblical flood indicates that it is ancient, obsolete, or outdated.

The sentence describes an old mainframe whose replacement parts are obsolete, matching the meaning 'outdated'.

Key Concept

Prefix and Suffix Analysis

Estimated Time:45s

Question 3558Question →

Read the sentence below and use the surrounding context clues to determine the meaning of the target word. Fill in the blank with an appropriate synonym.

Fill in the blanks below

To ensure a fair hearing, the board selected an impartial mediator who had no personal stake or bias in the dispute. In this context, the word 'impartial' most nearly means .

Show answer & explanation

Answer

unbiased (or neutral, objective, fair)

The sentence provides clear context clues by stating that the mediator was chosen to 'ensure a fair hearing' and had 'no personal stake or bias in the dispute.' These phrases define 'impartial' as being unbiased, neutral, or objective.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Locate the target word and identify its grammatical role in the sentence.

The word 'impartial' is an adjective describing the mediator.

Understanding the part of speech ensures that the synonym matches the syntax of the sentence.

2

Examine surrounding context clues that define or restate the target word's qualities.

The clues 'ensure a fair hearing' and 'no personal stake or bias in the dispute' directly indicate an absence of prejudice and equal treatment of both sides.

Contextual definitions and modifying clauses provide direct evidence of the word's operational meaning.

3

Select a precise synonym that preserves the sentence's original meaning.

Words such as 'unbiased', 'neutral', or 'objective' fit the context accurately.

Replacing 'impartial' with 'unbiased' maintains both the denotative meaning and grammatical harmony.

Key Concept

Using definition and restatement context clues to identify precise synonyms.

Estimated Time:45s

Question 3559Question →

A rectangular reservoir for a water purification system measures $20$ feet long, $15$ feet wide, and $10$ feet deep. Safety protocols dictate that the reservoir must never exceed $90\%$ of its total volume capacity. The reservoir currently contains $900$ cubic feet of water. If a high-capacity pump adds water to the reservoir at a rate of $60$ cubic feet per minute, how many minutes will it take for the water to reach the maximum allowed capacity?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 30

Answer

30

First, the total volume of the rectangular reservoir is found by multiplying its length, width, and depth (

20 \times 15 \times 10 = 3000

cubic feet). Next, the maximum allowed capacity is determined by finding

90\%

of the total volume (

0.90 \times 3000 = 2700

cubic feet). Since the reservoir already contains

900

cubic feet of water, the exact amount needed to reach the maximum safe capacity is the difference (

2700 - 900 = 1800

cubic feet). Finally, the time required to add this volume at a rate of

60

cubic feet per minute is calculated by dividing the needed volume by the pump's rate (

1800 \div 60 = 30

minutes).

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Calculate the total volume of the reservoir.

20 \times 15 \times 10 = 3000

cubic feet

The total volume is required to determine what the absolute maximum capacity is before applying the percentage limit.

2

Calculate the maximum allowed capacity.

3000 \times 0.90 = 2700

cubic feet

Safety protocols dictate the reservoir cannot exceed

90\%

of its total physical volume.

3

Determine the required volume of water to add.

2700 - 900 = 1800

cubic feet

The reservoir already contains

900

cubic feet of water, so we only need to pump the difference to reach the safe limit.

4

Calculate the time required to fill the reservoir to the required level.

1800 \div 60 = 30

minutes

Time is calculated by dividing the total volume to be added by the filling rate of the pump.

Key Concept

Calculating rectangular volume, applying percentage constraints to capacity, and solving for time using a given rate.

Question 3560Question →

Read the sentence and determine the most accurate word to fill the blank based on context clues and morphological root analysis. Which vocabulary word correctly completes the sentence?

Fill in the blanks below

Following an exhaustive review of the audit logs, the investigative committee produced records that served to the lead administrator of any intentional wrongdoing.

Show answer & explanation

Answer

exculpate (or precise synonyms such as exonerate, absolve, vindicate, or acquit)

The sentence requires a verb meaning to clear from alleged guilt or fault. The word 'exculpate' combines the Latin prefix 'ex-' (away from, out of) with the root 'culpa' (blame, fault). Therefore, 'exculpate'—as well as exact standard synonyms such as 'exonerate', 'absolve', 'vindicate', and 'acquit'—correctly completes the sentence.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the contextual clues within the sentence.

The sentence discusses an investigation finding records that clear an administrator of blame or suspected wrongdoing.

The phrases 'exhaustive review' and 'of any intentional wrongdoing' signal an action that removes guilt or clears someone of formal charges.

2

Perform root word analysis to determine the precise vocabulary term.

The Latin root 'culp' means fault or blame, combined with the prefix 'ex-' (meaning out of or away from), forming 'exculpate' (to free from blame).

Understanding the base root 'culp' directly links the concept of fault/blame to the necessary verb form required in this sentence.

Key Concept

Root Word Analysis of Latin bases (culp-) and prefixes (ex-) for synonym deduction

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