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Question 1201Question →

A company is designing a cloud architecture and needs to choose compute services for two new workloads. The first workload is a containerized microservices application that the operations team wants to run without provisioning or managing any physical or virtual servers. The second workload is a short-running, event-driven administrative script that executes for a few seconds whenever an operational alert occurs.

Which two AWS compute services should the company select to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: AWS Fargate; AWS Lambda

Answer

AWS Fargate and AWS Lambda are the correct compute services to meet these requirements.
AWS Fargate is the correct choice for the first workload because it allows running containers serverlessly, removing the operational overhead of managing virtual machines. AWS Lambda is the correct choice for the second workload because it is a serverless, event-driven service designed to run code for short periods in response to events or alerts.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first workload requirement: running a containerized microservices application without provisioning or managing physical or virtual servers.
Identify AWS Fargate as the serverless compute engine for containers that removes the need to manage underlying EC2 instances.
AWS Fargate handles container orchestration and infrastructure management, aligning with the serverless requirement.
2
Analyze the second workload requirement: running a short-running, event-driven script in response to operational alerts.
Identify AWS Lambda as the event-driven serverless compute service that executes code in response to triggers and automatically scales.
AWS Lambda is optimized for brief, event-triggered functions and eliminates the overhead of running a continuous server.

Key Concept

Selecting appropriate AWS compute services based on workload requirements (serverless vs. server-based, containerized vs. event-driven).
Question 1202Question →

EstatePulse Analytics runs large-scale property valuation models that execute heavily during the first week of every month when new market reports are released, but the system is idle for the rest of the month. Currently, they host this on-premises using high-performance hardware purchased upfront that has hit its maximum capacity, causing delays during peak periods. They are planning to migrate this workload to AWS.

Which two of the following benefits represent how this migration aligns with the core concepts of AWS cloud economics? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Shifting from upfront Capital Expenditures (CapEx) to a pay-as-you-go Operating Expenditure (OpEx) model, paying only for the compute resources consumed.; Utilizing elasticity to automatically provision instances during peak valuation weeks and terminate them during idle periods to prevent paying for unused capacity.

Answer

Shifting from upfront Capital Expenditures (CapEx) to a pay-as-you-go Operating Expenditure (OpEx) model, paying only for the compute resources consumed, and utilizing elasticity to automatically provision instances during peak valuation weeks and terminate them during idle periods to prevent paying for unused capacity.
The correct options are shifting from upfront Capital Expenditures to a pay-as-you-go Operating Expenditure model, and utilizing elasticity to provision and terminate instances. Under an OpEx model, the company avoids upfront physical server costs, and with elasticity, they can match supply with dynamic demand, avoiding paying for idle servers when the monthly reports are completed.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the financial model shift.
The company moves from buying upfront physical hardware (Capital Expenditure) to paying dynamically for used resources (Operating Expenditure).
Cloud economics favors converting capital expenses into variable operating expenses.
2
Analyze the capacity and demand mapping.
By using elasticity, the company dynamically matches capacity to the spikes in valuation workloads.
Elasticity eliminates the waste of overprovisioning or the performance bottlenecks of underprovisioning.

Key Concept

Cloud Economics: CapEx vs OpEx shift and Elasticity
Question 1203Question →

A logistics enterprise is deploying a containerized delivery route optimization application on Amazon EC2. The workload consists of three distinct components:

1. A fleet of background worker instances that run continuously 24/7 to process incoming telemetry data, where the core compute requirement is highly stable and predictable.
2. A scaling group of instances that dynamically scales out to handle sudden, unpredictable spikes in user traffic during holiday shopping events, which must be served immediately and cannot tolerate interruptions.
3. A set of batch jobs that run nightly to calculate historical route efficiencies; these jobs are stateless, fault-tolerant, and can be stopped and restarted without impacting business operations.

Which combination of Amazon EC2 pricing models provides the most cost-optimized solution for these three workloads?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Savings Plans for the background worker fleet, On-Demand Instances for the scaling group handling unpredictable spikes, and Spot Instances for the nightly batch jobs.

Answer

Savings Plans for the background worker fleet, On-Demand Instances for the scaling group handling unpredictable spikes, and Spot Instances for the nightly batch jobs.
The correct option maps each workload to its most cost-optimized pricing model. Continuous 24/7 background workers with stable requirements benefit from Savings Plans. The unpredictable spikes in user traffic are served by On-Demand Instances to ensure service reliability, and the fault-tolerant nightly batch jobs are run on Spot Instances to achieve maximum cost savings.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the 24/7 background worker fleet workload.
Identified as a steady-state, predictable workload running continuously.
Workloads with stable usage are best covered by commitment-based models like Savings Plans or Reserved Instances to secure deep discounts.
2
Evaluate the scaling group for unpredictable spikes.
Identified as an unpredictable workload that must be served immediately and cannot tolerate interruptions.
On-Demand Instances are required because they guarantee availability and prevent interruptions, and commitment models are not cost-effective for short, unpredictable spikes.
3
Evaluate the nightly batch jobs.
Identified as a stateless, fault-tolerant, and non-time-critical workload.
Spot Instances are ideal for workloads that can handle interruptions because they offer the lowest cost (up to 90% off On-Demand rates).
4
Synthesize the individual workloads into a unified pricing strategy.
The optimal combination is Savings Plans for the baseline, On-Demand for scaling spikes, and Spot for batch jobs.
This combination minimizes costs while meeting all operational constraints and reliability requirements.

Key Concept

AWS EC2 pricing models selection based on predictability, interruption tolerance, and flexibility.
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 1204Question →

When designing applications, understanding how AWS structures its global infrastructure is essential. Which of the following statements correctly describe the characteristics of AWS Regions and Availability Zones? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Each Availability Zone is composed of one or more physical data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity.; An AWS Region is an independent geographic area that contains multiple, physically isolated Availability Zones.

Answer

Each Availability Zone is composed of one or more physical data centers with redundant power, networking, and connectivity; and an AWS Region is an independent geographic area that contains multiple, physically isolated Availability Zones.
The correct statements accurately define the AWS Global Infrastructure hierarchy: an AWS Region is a geographic area that houses multiple, isolated Availability Zones, and each Availability Zone is composed of one or more physical data centers with independent power, cooling, and network links.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the definition of an Availability Zone (AZ).
An AZ is defined as one or more discrete data centers with redundant infrastructure within an AWS Region.
This helps identify the first correct statement.
2
Analyze the definition of an AWS Region.
An AWS Region is a geographic area containing multiple isolated AZs.
This helps identify the second correct statement.
3
Evaluate and rule out the incorrect infrastructure component relationships.
AZs do not span multiple regions, Edge Locations are for content delivery rather than hosting databases/servers, and AZs do not share power grids.
This confirms the correctness of the chosen options.

Key Concept

AWS Regions and Availability Zones are the core components of the AWS Global Infrastructure, designed to provide high availability and isolation.
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 1205Question →

A company wants to understand the support limitations of the lower-tier AWS Support plans. Which two AWS Support plans offer 24/7 access to billing and account support, but do not include 24/7 access to technical support engineers? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Basic; Developer

Answer

The Basic and Developer support plans.
All AWS Support plans, including the Basic and Developer plans, offer 24/7 billing and account support. However, neither the Basic plan (which has no technical support) nor the Developer plan (which restricts technical support to business hours via email) offers 24/7 technical support.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the customer service and billing support availability for all AWS Support plans.
All AWS Support plans (Basic, Developer, Business, Enterprise On-Ramp, Enterprise) provide 24/7 access to customer service and billing support.
This is a baseline feature included across all AWS Support tiers.
2
Analyze the technical support availability and hours for each tier.
Basic support offers no technical support. Developer support offers business-hours email access to Cloud Support Associates. Business, Enterprise On-Ramp, and Enterprise support plans offer 24/7 access to Cloud Support Engineers via phone, email, and chat.
To identify which plans do not include 24/7 technical support.
3
Select the plans that meet both criteria (24/7 billing support but no 24/7 technical support).
The Basic and Developer plans match this description.
To arrive at the final correct options.

Key Concept

AWS Support Plans features and limitations
Question 1206Question →

DevScale Solutions, a software development firm, runs automated test suites on physical, on-premises servers for approximately three hours each day. The servers remain idle for the rest of the day, but the company must continue to pay for their power, cooling, and maintenance. The company plans to migrate this testing environment to AWS to optimize costs. Which of the following represents the primary economic advantage of this migration for DevScale Solutions?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Shifting to a variable operating expense model where compute resources are dynamically provisioned only when tests are running.

Answer

Shifting to a variable operating expense model where compute resources are dynamically provisioned only when tests are running.
Shifting from upfront capital expenses to variable operating expenses allows the company to pay only for the compute resources consumed during the active testing periods. This dynamic provisioning demonstrates the cost benefit of elasticity, which prevents paying for idle resources.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the current on-premises workload pattern.
The automated test workload runs intermittently for only three hours daily, leaving the servers idle for the remaining 21 hours.
Identifying workload characteristics helps in choosing the correct pricing and elasticity model.
2
Determine the cloud economics benefit matching this pattern.
By migrating to AWS, DevScale Solutions can shift from paying fixed costs (CapEx for physical servers, power, cooling) to variable operating costs (OpEx) that scale down to zero when the tests are complete.
Shifting to variable operational expenses and leveraging elasticity minimizes waste and aligns infrastructure costs directly with usage.

Key Concept

Cloud Economics: CapEx to OpEx shift and the cost benefits of elasticity
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 1207Question →

A logistics company needs to migrate 80 TB80\text{ TB} of historical shipping data from their on-premises server room to Amazon S3. The company has a limited network connection of 10 Mbps10\text{ Mbps} and wants to complete the transfer as quickly and cost-effectively as possible. Which AWS service should the company use to perform this data migration?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized

Answer

AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized
AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized is the correct service because it uses a physical storage appliance shipped directly to the customer's on-premises location. The data is copied over a local high-speed network and then shipped back to AWS, bypassing the slow 10 Mbps10\text{ Mbps} internet link entirely.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Calculate the theoretical transfer time for sending the data over the network.
The time required to transfer 80 TB80\text{ TB} of data over a 10 Mbps10\text{ Mbps} connection is approximately 740740 days.
To determine if a network-based transfer is feasible. The formula is: Time=Total DataNetwork Bandwidth=80 TB×8×1012 bits10×106 bits/second≈6.4×107 seconds≈740.7 days\text{Time} = \frac{\text{Total Data}}{\text{Network Bandwidth}} = \frac{80\text{ TB} \times 8 \times 10^{12}\text{ bits}}{10 \times 10^6\text{ bits/second}} \approx 6.4 \times 10^7\text{ seconds} \approx 740.7\text{ days}
2
Evaluate the available AWS migration services for offline data transfer.
AWS Snowball Edge Storage Optimized is identified as the optimal tool.
Since a network transfer is highly impractical (taking more than 22 years), an offline, physical media transfer service is required to securely and rapidly migrate the dataset.

Key Concept

AWS Snow Family provides physical devices to transfer large amounts of data offline when network bandwidth is limited.
Question 1208Question →

A media streaming company is building an automated subtitle generation pipeline for its video library. The pipeline must analyze the audio track of the videos, convert the spoken words into written text, distinguish between different speakers in the conversation, and provide precise timestamps for each word to align the subtitles with the video. Which AWS service should the company integrate into their pipeline to perform this speech-to-text conversion?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Amazon Transcribe

Answer

Amazon Transcribe
Amazon Transcribe is the correct service because it uses automatic speech recognition (ASR) to convert audio inputs to written text. It specifically provides the required capabilities of identifying when different speakers speak (speaker diarization) and providing word-level timestamps, which are necessary for sync-aligning subtitles to the video playback.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary technical requirement of the scenario.
The requirement is to convert spoken audio from video tracks into written text, identify individual speakers, and obtain timestamps for word alignment.
This establishes the exact type of machine learning task needed (automatic speech recognition).
2
Evaluate standard AWS Machine Learning services for speech-to-text capabilities.
Amazon Transcribe converts speech to text and includes speaker diarization and timestamping features.
This matches the service capabilities to the specified project requirements.
3
Differentiate Amazon Transcribe from other speech and language services.
Amazon Polly handles text-to-speech, Amazon Translate handles text translation, and Amazon Lex is for interactive chatbots.
This confirms that the other options do not perform the primary task of converting spoken audio into a written subtitle text format.

Key Concept

Amazon Transcribe converts spoken audio into written text with support for speaker identification and word-level timestamping.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 1209Question →

A financial services company must ensure that all customer transaction data is stored physically within the boundaries of a specific country to comply with local regulatory laws. Which AWS Global Infrastructure component should the company select to guarantee compliance with these data residency requirements?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: AWS Region

Answer

AWS Region
An AWS Region is a geographic area that houses isolated AWS data centers. AWS guarantees that data stored in a specific Region does not leave that Region unless the customer explicitly configures replication. Therefore, choosing the correct AWS Region is the primary mechanism to comply with geographic data residency and compliance laws.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary requirement in the scenario.
The requirement is compliance with data residency and sovereignty laws within a specific country's borders.
Understanding the core business need helps isolate the correct physical boundary of AWS infrastructure.
2
Evaluate the AWS Global Infrastructure components against this requirement.
AWS Regions are discrete geographic locations that represent the boundary for data storage and compliance. Availability Zones are sub-components within Regions for high availability, while Edge Locations cache content rather than storing persistent data. VPCs are virtual networks, not physical geographic boundaries.
Comparing the roles of each component identifies which one maps to geographic boundaries.

Key Concept

AWS Regions define the geographic boundary for data storage, residency, and regulatory compliance.
Estimated Time:45s
Question 1210Question →

A weather forecasting organization is planning to migrate its computing workloads to Amazon EC2. The organization has two main requirements:

1. A base level of virtual machines must run continuously 24/7 to ingest global satellite telemetry data and host the public forecasting website.
2. A large-scale data simulation job runs periodically to model weekly storm patterns. The simulation is stateless, can be paused and resumed without data loss, and is not time-critical.

Which two Amazon EC2 pricing models should the organization combine to meet these requirements at the lowest cost? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Savings Plans; Spot Instances

Answer

The organization should combine Savings Plans for the 24/7 baseline telemetry and website hosting workloads, and Spot Instances for the stateless, flexible storm simulation jobs.
The correct pricing models are Savings Plans and Spot Instances. Savings Plans offer deep discounts for consistent, 24/7 baseline usage over a 1- or 3-year commitment, which matches the continuous telemetry and website hosting requirements. Spot Instances utilize spare EC2 capacity at up to a 90% discount, making them the most cost-effective option for the stateless, non-time-critical weather simulation batch jobs that can handle interruptions.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first workload requirement.
The telemetry ingestion and public forecasting website run 24/7 continuously, indicating a predictable, steady-state baseline.
Steady-state workloads running continuously benefit most from commitment-based pricing models like Savings Plans or Reserved Instances to minimize costs.
2
Analyze the second workload requirement.
The storm simulation is stateless, can handle interruptions, and is not time-critical.
Fault-tolerant, flexible batch processing workloads are ideal candidates for Spot Instances, which offer the highest discount (up to 90% off On-Demand rates) in exchange for potential interruption.
3
Select the correct combination of EC2 pricing models.
Savings Plans and Spot Instances.
This combination ensures the lowest possible cost for both the steady-state baseline and the interruptible batch processing workloads.

Key Concept

AWS EC2 pricing models optimization based on workload characteristics.
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 1211Question →

A digital health organization is deploying a patient scheduling application that requires a relational database. To meet strict service-level agreements, the database must replicate data synchronously to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone and support automatic failover if the primary database fails. Which AWS database deployment option should the organization select?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment

Answer

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment
Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment is the correct choice because it automatically creates a primary database instance and synchronously replicates the data to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone. In the event of a failure, Amazon RDS performs an automatic failover to the standby instance, minimizing downtime.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the application requirements, which specify a relational database backend.
Identify that a relational database service (such as Amazon RDS) is required, ruling out NoSQL options.
Relational databases are structured and support SQL queries and transactional integrity required for patient scheduling.
2
Identify the high availability and replication requirements: synchronous replication to another Availability Zone and automatic failover.
Recognize that Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment provides synchronous replication to a standby instance in a different AZ with automatic failover, whereas Read Replicas use asynchronous replication primarily for scaling reads.
Multi-AZ is the standard AWS architecture for synchronous replication and high availability within a region.

Key Concept

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployments provide high availability and automatic failover for relational databases by synchronously replicating data to a standby instance in a different Availability Zone.
Question 1212Question →

A financial services firm is deploying a trade processing application on Amazon EC2 instances within a private subnet. The system architecture requires separating instance-level traffic control from subnet-level boundaries. Which of the following statements accurately describe how the administrator should configure Security Groups and Network Access Control Lists (Network ACLs) for this environment? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Security groups are stateful, meaning return traffic is automatically allowed, and they are applied at the instance level.; Network ACLs are stateless, meaning separate inbound and outbound rules are required to allow traffic, and they are applied at the subnet level.

Answer

The correct options are: 'Security groups are stateful, meaning return traffic is automatically allowed, and they are applied at the instance level' and 'Network ACLs are stateless, meaning separate inbound and outbound rules are required to allow traffic, and they are applied at the subnet level'.
The correct options accurately describe the basic properties and boundaries of AWS network security firewalls. Security groups are stateful firewalls operating at the instance level (automatically allowing return traffic). Network ACLs are stateless firewalls operating at the subnet level (requiring separate inbound and outbound configuration).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the request to separate instance-level traffic control from subnet-level boundaries.
Identify that Security Groups operate at the instance level and Network ACLs operate at the subnet level.
This establishes the correct architectural boundaries for each service.
2
Evaluate the stateful vs. stateless properties of both firewalls.
Determine that Security Groups automatically allow return traffic (stateful), whereas Network ACLs require explicit configuration for both directions (stateless).
This ensures network configurations do not inadvertently block legitimate return traffic.

Key Concept

AWS Network security involves layering Security Groups (instance-level, stateful) and Network ACLs (subnet-level, stateless) to achieve defense in depth.
Question 1213Question →

A startup is designing a secure, multi-VPC network architecture on AWS. They need to configure network routing between their VPCs and control incoming traffic to their Amazon EC2 instances. Which TWO of the following statements correctly describe AWS networking or security components? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Security groups act as stateful firewalls that control traffic at the instance level.; AWS Transit Gateway acts as a central hub to connect multiple Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) and on-premises networks.

Answer

Security groups act as stateful firewalls at the instance level, and AWS Transit Gateway acts as a central hub to interconnect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks.
Security groups are stateful firewalls operating at the instance level, meaning outbound response traffic is allowed regardless of outbound rules. AWS Transit Gateway acts as a centralized cloud router, simplifying network architecture when interconnecting multiple VPCs and on-premises systems.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the features of Security Groups.
Security groups are stateful firewalls that operate at the instance level (allowing return traffic automatically).
This confirms that the statement about security groups acting as stateful firewalls at the instance level is correct.
2
Identify the networking service used for interconnecting multiple VPCs.
AWS Transit Gateway serves as a central hub for connecting multiple VPCs and on-premises environments, supporting transitive routing.
This confirms that AWS Transit Gateway is the correct solution for simplifying multi-VPC connectivity.

Key Concept

AWS Network Security and Routing
Question 1214Question →

A retail company wants to run a marketing analytics application on Amazon EC2 for a temporary promotion that will last exactly 4 days. The application runs continuously, cannot tolerate any service interruptions, and the company wants to avoid any upfront payments or long-term contract commitments. Which EC2 pricing model is the most cost-effective option for this workload?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: On-Demand Instances

Answer

On-Demand Instances
On-Demand Instances are ideal for short-term, unpredictable, or spikey workloads that cannot be interrupted, as they require no upfront payment or long-term commitment and are billed per second or hour.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the workload requirements: the application must run continuously for a short duration (4 days), cannot tolerate interruptions, and needs to avoid long-term commitments.
This rules out Spot Instances (due to interruptions) and Reserved Instances (due to long-term commitments).
Spot Instances can be reclaimed by AWS, and Reserved Instances require a 1-year or 3-year term commitment.
2
Compare On-Demand Instances against Dedicated Hosts.
On-Demand Instances offer the required flexibility and low cost for standard virtual machines without the overhead of physical host dedication.
Dedicated Hosts are physical servers dedicated for use by a single customer and are significantly more expensive, which is not required here.

Key Concept

Matching Amazon EC2 pricing models to short-term, uninterrupted workloads without long-term commitments.
Estimated Time:45s
Question 1215Question →

A company is expanding its cloud infrastructure and needs to connect several Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) and on-premises networks together. To avoid managing a complex web of point-to-point connections, they want to route all traffic through a central hub. Which AWS service should the company use to meet this requirement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: AWS Transit Gateway

Answer

AWS Transit Gateway is the correct service because it acts as a central hub for routing traffic across multiple Amazon VPCs and on-premises networks, simplifying connectivity management.
AWS Transit Gateway serves as a centralized network transit hub that allows customers to interconnect multiple Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) and on-premises networks. This eliminates the need to establish and manage a complex mesh of point-to-point connections, simplifying network routing and management.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the primary requirement in the scenario.
The company needs to connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks using a centralized routing hub rather than complex point-to-point connections.
This establishes the criteria for selecting the appropriate networking service.
2
Evaluate the available options against this requirement.
AWS Transit Gateway is designed to act as a cloud router and central hub. VPC Peering is point-to-point, Security Groups are instance-level firewalls, and AWS CloudTrail is an auditing tool.
This narrows down the selection to the single correct service.

Key Concept

Centralized network routing and interconnection of multiple VPCs and on-premises environments using AWS Transit Gateway.
Question 1216Question →

An educational institution wants to set up a standardized research lab environment on AWS for students. The IT department needs to define the network topology, security rules, and virtual desktop instances in a single configuration file that can be automatically launched for each class and easily torn down afterward. Which AWS service allows the IT department to provision these resources using template-driven automation?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: AWS CloudFormation

Answer

AWS CloudFormation is the correct service because it uses templates to define and provision AWS infrastructure automatically and repeatedly.
AWS CloudFormation is the correct service because it enables Infrastructure as Code (IaC), allowing users to define a stack of AWS resources in a JSON or YAML template file and provision them automatically in a repeatable fashion.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core operational requirement in the scenario.
The requirement is to define infrastructure (network, security, virtual desktops) in a single configuration file for automatic and repeatable deployment/tear-down.
This establishes that we are looking for an Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tool rather than manual deployment or code-first application platforms.
2
Evaluate the options against this requirement.
AWS CloudFormation uses templates to model and provision resources; AWS Elastic Beanstalk is for application code deployment; AWS Management Console is manual; Amazon EC2 is a compute resource itself.
Matching each service to its primary function identifies the correct tool.

Key Concept

Infrastructure as Code (IaC) and resource provisioning using AWS CloudFormation templates
Question 1217Question →

Match each application workload requirement with the most appropriate AWS compute service.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

A legacy database migration requiring custom OS kernel modifications and full administrative OS access.
A Docker-based microservices application that needs to run containerized workloads without managing host servers.
An event-driven script that runs for under a minute only when new images are uploaded to an S3 bucket.
A small business WordPress site that requires a simple virtual private server (VPS) with a fixed, predictable monthly fee.

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The workload requiring custom OS control matches Amazon EC2. The containerized application without server management matches AWS Fargate. The event-driven short task triggered by S3 matches AWS Lambda. The small website requiring a predictable VPS matches Amazon Lightsail.
Each workload is paired with the compute service that aligns with its requirement for administrative control, container orchestration, event-driven scalability, or pricing simplicity.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the workload requiring full OS access and kernel customization.
This requires Amazon EC2 because it is an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offering full virtual machine control.
Other options are managed or serverless and do not allow kernel customization or guest OS access.
2
Analyze the workload requiring container execution without managing underlying hosts.
This requires AWS Fargate, which is the serverless launch type for container orchestration on AWS.
Running containers on EC2 requires host management, whereas Fargate abstract hosts away.
3
Analyze the short, event-triggered workload.
This requires AWS Lambda, which is an event-driven serverless service designed for short-lived execution windows.
Lambda executes code only when triggered (such as by S3 events) and charges only for compute time used.
4
Analyze the workload requiring a simple VPS with a predictable monthly price.
This requires Amazon Lightsail, which bundles compute, storage, and transfer into a simple, predictable VPS package.
Lightsail is designed specifically for simple, low-traffic sites needing straightforward monthly cost planning.

Key Concept

Selecting appropriate AWS compute services based on operational control, deployment models (serverless, containerized, IaaS), and pricing predictability.
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 1218Question →

An online video education platform runs its transcoding application on Amazon EC2 instances. The platform has two key storage requirements:

1. High-throughput, low-latency temporary storage to buffer video chunks during the active transcoding process, where data persistence is not required.
2. Highly durable, cost-effective object storage to store and distribute the final transcoded video files to global users with immediate access.

Which two AWS storage services or features should the platform select to meet these requirements?

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Amazon S3 Standard; Amazon EC2 Instance Store

Answer

Amazon S3 Standard and Amazon EC2 Instance Store
Amazon S3 Standard is chosen because it is a highly durable, scalable object storage service that provides immediate retrieval for global users. Amazon EC2 Instance Store is chosen because it provides high-throughput, low-latency block storage that is physically attached to the host, which is ideal for temporary scratch space and buffering where data persistence is not needed.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the requirement for temporary transcoding buffer storage that needs high throughput, low latency, and does not require persistence.
Identify Amazon EC2 Instance Store as the local, temporary block storage that provides the necessary performance.
Instance store is physically attached to the host, providing very high performance for temporary files without the persistence overhead of EBS.
2
Analyze the requirement for storing and distributing final video files as durable objects with immediate retrieval.
Identify Amazon S3 Standard as the object storage tier that offers high durability and immediate access.
S3 Standard is designed for active data distribution and meets the immediate access and durability criteria.

Key Concept

Selecting appropriate AWS storage services based on access patterns, durability, latency, and cost requirements.
Question 1219Question →

A corporate recruitment platform wants to enhance its candidate screening pipeline with machine learning. The platform must perform facial verification to match a candidate's live video check-in with their uploaded passport photo, and it must also analyze the text of candidate resumes to extract key entities such as professional skills and previous employers. Which AWS machine learning services should the platform use to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Amazon Rekognition; Amazon Comprehend

Answer

Amazon Rekognition and Amazon Comprehend are the correct services because Amazon Rekognition provides facial matching capabilities to verify identities, and Amazon Comprehend provides natural language processing to extract key entities from text documents.
Amazon Rekognition provides computer vision capabilities required to perform facial verification and matching. Amazon Comprehend provides natural language processing (NLP) capabilities to extract key entities, such as professional skills and previous employers, from text documents like resumes.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first requirement: performing facial verification by comparing a live video check-in against a passport photo.
Identify that this requires computer vision capabilities to analyze and compare facial features.
Amazon Rekognition is the managed AWS service designed for automated image and video analysis, including face comparison and verification.
2
Analyze the second requirement: processing textual resumes to extract key entities like skills and employers.
Identify that this requires natural language processing (NLP) to inspect unstructured text for key phrases and entities.
Amazon Comprehend is the managed AWS service designed for natural language processing, entity extraction, and sentiment analysis.
3
Evaluate the incorrect options to ensure they do not meet the core requirements.
Verify that Amazon Lex is for conversational interfaces, Amazon SageMaker is for custom ML model building/training, and Amazon Translate is for language translation, making them unsuitable for direct identity verification and text entity extraction.
Eliminating incorrect pre-built services ensures only the matching specialized services are selected.

Key Concept

Selecting appropriate AWS managed machine learning services based on specific business requirements (computer vision and natural language processing).
Question 1220Question →

A biotechnology firm is deploying two new workloads on Amazon EC2:

1. A genomic sequencing data pipeline that processes large batches of data. The application is designed to be fault-tolerant, can pause and resume without data loss, and has a flexible completion window.
2. A database hosting experiment logs that must run continuously 24/7 with a highly predictable, steady-state CPU utilization for a project planned to last three years.

Which combination of Amazon EC2 pricing models will provide the most cost-effective solution for these workloads? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Spot Instances for the genomic sequencing data pipeline; Reserved Instances for the database workload

Answer

Spot Instances for the genomic sequencing data pipeline and Reserved Instances for the database workload
For the genomic sequencing pipeline, Spot Instances are the most cost-effective choice because the application is fault-tolerant and has flexible timing, allowing it to leverage AWS spare capacity at a steep discount. For the experiment log database, Reserved Instances are the most cost-effective choice because the workload runs continuously 24/7 for a predictable three-year duration, allowing the company to commit to a specific configuration in exchange for a significant discount.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the requirements for the genomic sequencing data pipeline workload.
The pipeline is fault-tolerant, can pause/resume without data loss, and has a flexible completion window.
Identifying the workload's tolerance to interruptions and its flexible nature allows for selection of the lowest-cost compute pricing model.
2
Determine the optimal pricing model for the genomic sequencing data pipeline.
Spot Instances are the most cost-effective choice.
Spot Instances offer up to 90% savings compared to On-Demand instances and are ideal for workloads that can tolerate interruptions.
3
Analyze the requirements for the database hosting experiment logs.
The database must run continuously 24/7 with a highly predictable, steady-state CPU utilization for three years.
Identifying the long-term, stable, and non-interruptible nature of the database workload allows for commitment-based discounting.
4
Determine the optimal pricing model for the database workload.
Reserved Instances (or Savings Plans) are the most cost-effective choice.
Reserved Instances offer significant discounts (up to 72%) in exchange for a one-year or three-year commitment to a specific instance configuration, matching the steady-state database needs.

Key Concept

AWS EC2 pricing models selection based on workload characteristics (steady-state vs. fault-tolerant/batch).
Estimated Time:2m 30s
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