Security

442 questions

Question 341Question

A tier-2 desktop technician at an educational publishing firm has completed scanning and successfully removed a persistent rootkit infection from an isolated Windows 11 workstation. The technician has also configured scheduled automated daily anti-malware scans and system updates. Which of the following steps should the technician perform NEXT in the standard CompTIA malware remediation workflow?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Enable System Restore and create a new system restore point.

Answer

Enable System Restore and create a new system restore point.
According to the official CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process, the steps are: 1. Identify symptoms, 2. Quarantine infected system, 3. Disable System Restore, 4. Remediate infected systems (update anti-malware and scan/remove), 5. Schedule updates and run scans, 6. Enable System Restore and create a restore point, and 7. Educate the end user. Since steps 1 through 5 have been completed, the technician must now enable System Restore and create a clean restore point.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Review the completed steps of the CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process
Identify that step 4 (Remediate infected systems) and step 5 (Schedule updates and integration of scans) have already been completed.
Following the strict sequence prevents re-infection or corrupted restore points.
2
Determine the next sequential step in the process
Step 6 is to re-enable System Restore and create a clean restore point.
System Restore was disabled during initial cleanup to prevent restored infections. Now that the system is verified clean and updates are scheduled, a fresh clean restore point can be established.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process
Question 342Question

A security technician is decommissioning magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs) containing sensitive financial files. Arrange the following steps in the correct chronological sequence for executing a compliant hardware sanitization and disposition lifecycle.

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct chronological sequence begins with documenting chain of custody, followed by magnetic degaussing, physical shredding, and finally archiving the Certificate of Destruction.
The hardware disposition lifecycle follows a strict sequence: first, inventory logging establishes chain of custody; second, media sanitization (degaussing) renders the magnetic data unreadable; third, physical destruction (shredding) prevents hardware recovery; and fourth, administrative auditing secures a Certificate of Destruction.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Inventory and Chain of Custody
Drive serial numbers are recorded and tracked.
Maintaining regulatory compliance requires documenting the custody of sensitive storage assets before any action is taken.
2
Data Sanitization
The magnetic drive platters are demagnetized via degaussing.
Degaussing renders data unreadable while the drives remain intact.
3
Physical Destruction
The drive hardware is reduced to small metallic fragments.
Physical shredding guarantees that no hardware components can be recovered or reassembled.
4
Compliance Verification
A Certificate of Destruction is validated and archived.
The certificate serves as formal legal proof that the data disposal process was completed according to standards.

Key Concept

Hardware Disposition Lifecycle and Chain of Custody
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 343Question

A systems administrator is configuring a wireless access point for corporate employees. To comply with internal security policies, the wireless network must enforce individual credential authentication integrated with the central Active Directory domain, while disallowing vulnerable legacy protocols like TKIP. Which of the following security configurations should the administrator implement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WPA3-Enterprise utilizing 802.1X authentication and RADIUS

Answer

WPA3-Enterprise utilizing 802.1X authentication and RADIUS
WPA3-Enterprise requires an 802.1X RADIUS server infrastructure to authenticate users individually against central directory services like Active Directory. Furthermore, WPA3 enforces strong AES encryption standards, satisfying all security policy mandates.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the authentication requirement
Individual domain credentials require an Enterprise security framework utilizing 802.1X and RADIUS rather than a shared passphrase.
Personal modes (PSK/SAE) share a single key among all users, preventing individual user accounting and domain integration.
2
Identify the encryption standard requirement
WPA3 mandates modern AES-based cipher suites (such as CCMP/GCMP) and disallows legacy TKIP.
TKIP has known cryptographic weaknesses and is deprecated across modern wireless security standards.
3
Select the matching configuration option
WPA3-Enterprise satisfies both individual authentication and secure encryption criteria.
It combines 802.1X network access control with strong mandatory AES encryption.

Key Concept

Enterprise Wireless Security (802.1X / RADIUS vs. Personal PSK/SAE)
Question 344Question

A user on a Windows 11 workstation reports that a legacy line-of-business application fails to save local configuration settings unless it is launched by right-clicking the icon and choosing 'Run as administrator'. The workstation is logged into by a Standard User account. The helpdesk technician wants to enable the user to save settings within the application without granting the account local administrator rights or lowering overall system User Account Control (UAC) security settings. Which of the following actions should the technician take?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Grant the Standard User account explicit Modify permissions on the application's file folder and registry subkeys.

Answer

Grant the Standard User account explicit Modify permissions on the application's file folder and registry subkeys.
Granting explicit Modify permissions to the specific folder and registry keys used by the application resolves write access errors under a Standard User account without elevating the user's overall system privileges or disabling system security controls.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the cause of the UAC elevation requirement for the application.
Legacy applications often require administrative access because they attempt to write configuration data to protected directories such as C:\Program Files or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
Standard user accounts lack write/modify rights to system-protected locations by default.
2
Apply targeted permission changes using the principle of least privilege.
Updating NTFS permissions on the application folder and registry key permissions for the application's specific registry path enables file and registry modifications.
This resolves the application failure while keeping the user account at a standard privilege level and maintaining UAC protection system-wide.

Key Concept

Principle of Least Privilege and UAC Application Security
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 345Question

A desktop support specialist at a corporate law firm is responding to an infected Windows 11 workstation exhibiting rogue security alerts and unauthorized background network traffic. The specialist has verified the malware infection and disconnected the system from the local network to quarantine it. Which TWO of the following actions should the specialist perform NEXT prior to running a full anti-malware remediation scan?

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Disable System Restore in Windows to prevent infected system files from being archived in restore points.; Update the anti-malware software definitions using an external, uninfected source while keeping the machine offline.

Answer

The technician should disable System Restore in Windows to eliminate infected restore points and update the anti-malware definitions using clean external media before scanning.
According to the official CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process, after identifying the malware (Step 1) and quarantining the infected system (Step 2), the technician must next disable System Restore (Step 3) to delete infected restore points and prevent reinfection. Following that, the technician must remediate the system (Step 4), which begins by updating the anti-malware engine and signature definitions (Step 4a). Since the system is isolated from the network, definitions should be obtained from an uninfected computer and loaded manually via external media.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the current step in the CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process.
The scenario states that Step 1 (Identify malware symptoms) and Step 2 (Quarantine infected systems) have already occurred.
Knowing the starting phase determines the required sequential actions.
2
Execute Step 3 of the remediation framework.
Disable System Restore in Windows settings.
Disabling System Restore clears existing restore points so infected malware binaries cannot persist across recovery points.
3
Execute Step 4a of the remediation framework.
Update the anti-malware signatures/definitions.
Scans require the latest virus signatures to detect and remove modern threat strains effectively.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process Order
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 346Question

An IT security administrator is implementing security baseline policies on corporate workstations to reduce the system attack surface. To comply with defense-in-depth requirements, the administrator must secure local user account configurations and prevent unauthorized automated execution of software via external storage. Which of the following procedures should the administrator perform to achieve this objective?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Disable the local Guest account, rename the built-in Administrator account, and configure Group Policy to disable AutoRun/AutoPlay for all removable media.

Answer

Disable the local Guest account, rename the built-in Administrator account, and configure Group Policy to disable AutoRun/AutoPlay for all removable media.
Hardening a workstation involves minimizing its attack surface. Key practices include disabling unnecessary accounts (such as the default Guest account), renaming predictable accounts (such as the built-in Administrator account), and enforcing security policies like disabling AutoRun/AutoPlay via Group Policy to prevent automatic malware execution from external media.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify local account security risks
Disabling the Guest account and renaming the default Administrator account reduces the workstation attack surface by preventing baseline target exploitation.
Default account names are predictable targets for attackers attempting brute-force or credential stuffing attacks.
2
Identify autorun security risks
Disabling AutoRun and AutoPlay prevents malicious scripts from executing automatically when USB drives or external media are connected.
Automated media execution allows drive-by malware infections without user intervention.
3
Select the appropriate administrative configuration tool
Deploying these configurations via Group Policy enforces security baselines across endpoints consistently.
Group Policy Objects (GPO) allow system administrators to apply mandatory security settings centrally across Windows operating systems.

Key Concept

Workstation Hardening and Account Baseline Security
Question 347Question

An IT security administrator is auditing endpoint compliance and hardening policies across corporate-issued mobile devices and legacy embedded infrastructure. Match each mobile or embedded security implementation on the left to its correct operational objective on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Geofencing
Containerization
Selective Wipe
Embedded System Microsegmentation

Matches

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Answer

Geofencing matches with restricting features based on physical location; Containerization matches with segregating enterprise apps from personal data; Selective Wipe matches with removing corporate assets without touching personal data; Embedded System Microsegmentation matches with placing unpatchable legacy IoT devices on isolated network segments.
Each security control directly fulfills its designated administrative objective: Geofencing manages location-based access; Containerization ensures logical data separation for BYOD endpoints; Selective Wipe sanitizes corporate data without destroying personal content; Microsegmentation protects corporate networks from unpatchable embedded devices.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze Geofencing functionality.
Identified that location-aware policy enforcement corresponds to tracking physical coordinates.
Geofencing relies on spatial boundaries to trigger security control restrictions dynamically.
2
Analyze Containerization functionality.
Identified that logical storage isolation separates corporate assets from user data.
Containerization prevents data leakage between enterprise and personal applications on mobile devices.
3
Analyze Selective Wipe functionality.
Identified that targeted sanitization deletes managed corporate profiles while retaining personal files.
Selective wipe specifically purges enterprise-controlled containers and certificates without performing a factory reset.
4
Analyze Embedded System Microsegmentation functionality.
Identified that placing legacy embedded devices on dedicated network zones limits blast radius.
Embedded systems frequently lack host security agents, requiring network-level containment controls.

Key Concept

Mobile Endpoint and Embedded System Security Control Enforcement
Question 348Question

An IT security consultant is upgrading the wireless infrastructure for a regional healthcare clinic. To ensure compliance with patient data privacy regulations, the new network must provide centralized authentication using unique user credentials rather than a shared passphrase, while enforcing mutual authentication to protect against rogue access point attacks. Which of the following security controls and authentication mechanisms should the consultant implement? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WPA3-Enterprise operating with an 802.1X RADIUS server; EAP-TLS authentication utilizing client and server digital certificates

Answer

WPA3-Enterprise operating with an 802.1X RADIUS server, and EAP-TLS authentication utilizing client and server digital certificates.
WPA3-Enterprise combined with an 802.1X RADIUS server allows central user management and individual account authentication. Implementing EAP-TLS satisfies the mutual authentication requirement because both the server and client validate each other's digital certificates before establishing the encrypted session.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the authentication requirement for individual credentials
Selecting WPA3-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise) provides 802.1X integration with a central RADIUS server, ensuring individual user authentication instead of a shared passphrase.
Enterprise modes move away from Pre-Shared Keys (PSK) to central directory service authentication.
2
Identify the protocol requirement for mutual authentication against rogue access points
Selecting EAP-TLS enforces mutual authentication using digital certificates on both server and client.
EAP-TLS validates both the RADIUS server certificate on the client side and the client certificate on the server side, preventing connection to unauthorized rogue access points.

Key Concept

Enterprise Wireless Authentication and Mutual Security Controls
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 349Question

A technician is preparing to decommission several legacy magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs) that previously stored confidential employee records. Company policy mandates that the magnetic fields on the drive platters must be completely disrupted to render the stored data unrecoverable before the drives are removed from the facility. Which of the following data sanitization methods best fulfills this policy requirement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Degaussing

Answer

Degaussing is the correct method because it subjects magnetic storage media to a powerful magnetic field, neutralizing the magnetic alignment on the platters and destroying the data.
Degaussing exposes magnetic storage media such as HDDs and magnetic tapes to a strong magnetic field. This process neutralizes the magnetic alignment on the platters, making stored data permanently unrecoverable.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the storage media type and the mandated security mechanism
The media consists of magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs), and the policy requires magnetic domain disruption.
Selecting the proper sanitization method depends on matching physical media characteristics to appropriate destruction techniques.
2
Evaluate sanitization methods against the requirement for magnetic neutralization
Degaussing exposes magnetic platters to a high-density magnetic field, rendering all magnetic patterns unreadable.
Degaussing specifically targets and neutralizes magnetic charges on hard drive platters and backup tapes.

Key Concept

Degaussing for Magnetic Storage Media
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 350Question

A system administrator needs to configure a standalone Windows 11 Pro computer so that standard users are prompted to enter administrator credentials on the secure desktop whenever an action requires administrative privilege elevation. Place the steps required to configure this policy using the Local Security Policy snap-in in the correct sequential order from first to last.

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

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Answer

The correct sequence begins with launching secpol.msc, navigating to Local Policies > Security Options, opening the policy 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users', selecting 'Prompt for credentials on the secure desktop', and finally clicking OK to save the changes.
To modify specific UAC behaviors in Windows, the technician must first open the Local Security Policy snap-in (secpol.msc). From there, navigating to Local Policies > Security Options exposes the granular UAC policies. Opening 'User Account Control: Behavior of the elevation prompt for standard users', selecting 'Prompt for credentials on the secure desktop', and clicking OK properly sets and saves the elevation security rule.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Launch the management tool
The Local Security Policy management console opens.
Administrative security policy modifications require opening secpol.msc.
2
Navigate the policy console tree
The Security Options policy settings are displayed in the right pane.
UAC security policies reside inside Local Policies > Security Options.
3
Open the target policy properties
The policy configuration window opens.
The technician must open the specific policy controlling elevation behavior for standard user accounts.
4
Configure the policy value
The setting is changed to 'Prompt for credentials on the secure desktop'.
This setting forces UAC to require administrator credentials on the secure desktop during elevation requests.
5
Save policy configuration
The policy is updated and applied.
Clicking OK saves the policy setting to the local security database.

Key Concept

Configuring User Account Control (UAC) policy settings using Local Security Policy (secpol.msc)
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Question 351Question

A company is implementing a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policy for mobile sales representatives accessing corporate customer records. The security team requires a solution that isolates corporate data from personal data, prevents copy-paste functions between managed and unmanaged applications, and allows administrators to remove all corporate records upon employee departure without erasing personal photos or applications. Which of the following Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Application Management (MAM) configuration strategies should the systems administrator implement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Deploy Mobile Application Management (MAM) containerization with encrypted data vaults and selective wipe rules.

Answer

Deploy Mobile Application Management (MAM) containerization with encrypted data vaults and selective wipe rules.
Implementing MAM containerization creates an isolated, encrypted workspace on mobile endpoints. This architecture allows administrators to enforce Data Loss Prevention (DLP) controls (such as blocking copy-paste functions between corporate and personal applications) and perform a selective wipe that removes only corporate assets when an employee leaves the company.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the technical requirements of the scenario.
Identified key constraints: storage isolation between corporate and personal apps, data loss prevention (preventing copy-paste leakage), and targeted data removal upon employee offboarding on BYOD hardware.
BYOD environments demand strict separation between corporate data and personal user data to maintain privacy while ensuring data protection.
2
Evaluate mobile security architectures against the requirements.
MAM containerization establishes a secure, encrypted boundary (container) for corporate applications, allowing administrators to restrict inter-app data sharing and perform a selective wipe.
Selective wipe targets only the enterprise containerized storage, leaving personal photos, apps, and OS settings completely unaffected.
3
Compare against incorrect alternative controls.
Full device wipes destroy personal data; geofencing does not restrict clipboard functions or partition storage; wireless encryption only protects network transport.
Only application containerization and selective wipe satisfy all BYOD compliance and management objectives.

Key Concept

Mobile Application Management (MAM) Containerization and Selective Wipe
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 352Question

A security technician is configuring local group policies for corporate laptops issued to field auditors who frequently operate in untrusted, public environments. The technician must reduce the attack surface against unauthorized physical access when unattended and mitigate brute-force risks against default local credentials. Which of the following workstation hardening measures should the technician implement to meet these security requirements? (Select TWO.)

Select all that apply

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Configure an screen saver lockout policy that requires password re-authentication after a short period of inactivity; Disable the local Guest account and rename the default local Administrator account

Answer

The correct hardening measures are configuring an inactive screen saver lockout requiring password re-authentication, and disabling the local Guest account while renaming the default Administrator account.
Implementing an inactivity screen saver lock requiring password re-authentication protects unattended endpoints from physical access. Disabling the default Guest account and renaming the default local Administrator account minimizes local account exploitation risks.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify physical/unattended access risks in public environments.
Determined that an automatic lock screen policy with re-authentication prevents unauthorized local access if a device is left unattended.
Screen saver lockout policies mitigate physical session hijacking.
2
Identify default account risks on local endpoints.
Determined that disabling Guest and renaming the default Administrator account mitigates baseline credential exploitation.
Default accounts with well-known SIDs/names are primary targets for automated malicious scripts.

Key Concept

Workstation Hardening via Account Management and Inactivity Lockout Policies
Question 353Question

An IT support technician at a hospitality management company is troubleshooting a Windows 11 front-desk workstation that is displaying unauthorized security warnings and redirecting web browser traffic to malicious domains. The technician confirms that active rogue security software is present on the system. According to the CompTIA standard 7-step malware remediation process, which of the following actions should the technician take NEXT?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Quarantine the infected workstation by disconnecting its network cable and disabling wireless interfaces.

Answer

Quarantine the infected workstation by disconnecting its network cable and disabling wireless interfaces.
After identifying malware symptoms (Step 1), the immediate next action required by the standard CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process is to quarantine the infected host (Step 2). Disconnecting Ethernet cables and disabling Wi-Fi prevents lateral infection of other network assets and stops active malware from exfiltrating data or receiving remote commands.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the completed step in the CompTIA 7-step malware remediation workflow.
The technician confirmed rogue software symptoms on the Windows 11 host (Step 1: Identify malware symptoms).
Establishing the current phase ensures proper operational sequence during incident remediation.
2
Determine the mandatory next action in the remediation sequence.
Execute Step 2: Quarantine the infected system.
Isolating network interfaces prevents the infection from spreading across the local subnet or communicating with external command-and-control servers.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process - System Isolation / Quarantine
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 354Question

Match each storage medium and disposition scenario with its most appropriate data destruction or sanitization method based on CompTIA security standards.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Magnetic backup tape cartridges scheduled for permanent retirement
NVMe solid-state drives (SSDs) scheduled for internal reallocation to another department
Failed non-functional magnetic hard disk drive (HDD) containing sensitive data
Physical paper records and confidential optical discs slated for destruction

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Magnetic tapes match with degaussing; NVMe SSDs for reuse match with cryptographic erase; failed HDDs match with drive platter drilling or physical shredding; paper records and optical discs match with incineration or cross-cut shredding.
Each disposal method aligns directly with the underlying storage architecture and operational lifecycle requirement: degaussing destroys magnetic tape domains; cryptographic erasure sanitizes flash-based SSDs for safe internal reuse; physical destruction (drilling/shredding) guarantees data residual elimination on non-functional HDDs; and cross-cut shredding or incineration disposes of paper and optical media.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the media substrate (magnetic, flash, paper/optical) and the disposition goal (reuse vs. destruction).
Magnetic tape and failed HDD are magnetic; SSD is flash memory; paper/optical are non-magnetic physical substrates.
Different storage technologies require specific destruction techniques to prevent data exposure.
2
Select the appropriate technique for each medium.
Degaussing works on magnetic tape; Cryptographic erase purges SSD data while preserving drive functionality for reuse; Physical drilling/shredding permanently destroys failed HDDs; Cross-cut shredding or incineration destroys paper and optical media.
Applying degaussing to SSDs fails because flash memory relies on floating-gate transistors, not magnetic domains.

Key Concept

Data Destruction and Disposal Methods
Question 355Question

A network technician is configuring a SOHO wireless router for a small law firm. The firm wants to upgrade its wireless security to protect against offline password dictionary attacks and packet eavesdropping, but lacks the infrastructure to deploy a RADIUS server for central authentication. Which of the following wireless security standards should the technician implement?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WPA3-Personal

Answer

WPA3-Personal should be implemented because it utilizes Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) to protect against offline dictionary attacks while operating in pre-shared key mode without requiring a RADIUS server.
WPA3-Personal introduces Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) to replace the Pre-Shared Key (PSK) mechanism. SAE ensures forward secrecy and prevents offline dictionary attacks against captured handshake frames, fulfilling the firm's security goals without requiring an 802.1X/RADIUS server deployment.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the scenario constraints and security objectives
The firm requires protection against offline dictionary attacks without deploying a RADIUS server.
SOHO environments without centralized AAA servers cannot implement 802.1X/Enterprise authentication modes.
2
Evaluate candidate wireless security standards
WPA3-Personal replaces the traditional WPA2 Pre-Shared Key (PSK) 4-way handshake with Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE).
SAE prevents offline dictionary cracking even if a passphrase is weak, fulfilling both security and infrastructure requirements.

Key Concept

WPA3-Personal authentication mechanisms and Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE)
Question 356Question

An IT support technician is setting up several new computers for a small business running Windows 11 Home. The technician opens the Run dialog and attempts to launch the Local Security Policy console using secpol.msc to adjust User Account Control (UAC) elevation settings, but Windows displays an error stating that the file cannot be found. Which of the following explains why the technician is unable to open this management snap-in?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: The Local Security Policy editor is not included in the Home edition of Windows.

Answer

The Local Security Policy editor (secpol.msc) is an advanced management feature available in Windows Professional, Enterprise, and Education editions, but is absent in Windows Home edition.
The correct answer correctly identifies that the Local Security Policy console (secpol.msc) is a management feature restricted to Windows Pro, Enterprise, and Education editions. On Windows Home editions, attempting to launch secpol.msc produces an error because the utility is omitted from the operating system build.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the requested tool and target operating system edition.
The technician is attempting to access secpol.msc on a computer running Windows 11 Home.
Understanding OS feature boundaries helps determine tool availability.
2
Evaluate feature support for administrative tools across Windows editions.
Local Security Policy (secpol.msc) and Group Policy (gpedit.msc) are excluded from Windows Home editions.
Microsoft reserves centralized and advanced policy management consoles for Pro, Enterprise, and Education editions.
3
Select the correct explanation for the missing executable/snap-in error.
The tool cannot be launched because it is not included in the installed edition of Windows.
This directly accounts for why secpol.msc cannot be found by the OS.

Key Concept

Windows Edition Feature Availability and Security Policy Tools
Question 357Question

A cybersecurity technician at a digital media firm is responding to a workstation infected with spyware. Arrange the following remediation steps in the exact sequence required by the CompTIA 7-step malware removal process.

Drag items to arrange them in the correct order

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The correct sequence follows the standard CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process: first quarantine the infected workstation, then disable System Restore, followed by updating anti-malware signatures and scanning, then enabling System Restore and creating a new restore point, and finally educating the end user.
The official CompTIA 7-step malware remediation process consists of: 1. Identify symptoms, 2. Quarantine infected systems, 3. Disable System Restore, 4. Remediate infected systems (update anti-malware software and use scan/removal tools), 5. Schedule scans and run updates, 6. Enable System Restore and create a restore point, and 7. Educate the end user. The sequence correctly orders steps 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Isolate the compromised system.
Workstation is quarantined from network connectivity.
Prevents lateral movement of the malware across the local network.
2
Turn off system backup mechanisms.
Windows System Restore is disabled.
Prevents malicious files from being indexed into restore snapshots.
3
Remediate active infections.
Anti-malware signatures are updated and a full scan purges infected files.
Ensures complete detection and removal of malware.
4
Re-establish system rollback points.
System Restore is enabled and a clean baseline point is created.
Restores system protection features only after the machine is verified clean.
5
Deliver user security training.
End user is trained on security awareness.
Mitigates future social engineering and malware infection vectors.

Key Concept

CompTIA 7-Step Malware Remediation Process
Question 358Question

An IT security technician is hardening several standalone Windows 11 workstations located in a hospital's semi-public reception lobby. The endpoints are utilized by floating medical staff to access check-in systems. According to the organization's security baseline, the technician must satisfy three core security controls:
1. Prevent unauthorized code from automatically running when removable storage devices are inserted, without disabling necessary USB hardware peripherals.
2. Ensure idle sessions automatically lock to protect patient data while maintaining active background processing for logged-in sessions.
3. Reduce exposure to targeted brute-force attacks against default built-in system accounts.

Which combination of administrative configurations best satisfies all three hardening requirements?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Disable AutoPlay and AutoRun policies via Group Policy, set a password-protected screensaver lock timeout, disable the local Guest account, and rename the built-in Administrator account.

Answer

Disabling AutoPlay and AutoRun policies, configuring a password-protected screen saver timeout, disabling the local Guest account, and renaming the local Administrator account best meets all specified hardening controls.
The correct configuration combines logical Group Policy settings (disabling AutoPlay and AutoRun to prevent unauthorized software execution from removable drives), account security best practices (disabling the Guest account and renaming the default Administrator account to frustrate automated brute-force attempts), and session security (enforcing a password-protected screensaver lock that secures the terminal without killing background user applications).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Address Requirement 1 (Preventing automatic execution of code from USB media without blocking peripherals)
Disabling AutoPlay and AutoRun in Group Policy stops Windows from automatically executing launcher scripts or programs upon mounting removable drives, while leaving USB controller drivers enabled for essential peripherals like keyboards and scanners.
Disabling hardware drivers entirely prevents essential input devices from functioning, whereas policy-based AutoPlay disabling addresses media execution threats specifically.
2
Address Requirement 2 (Securing idle sessions while keeping background processes running)
Configuring a screen saver lock timeout with 'On resume, display logon screen' locks the graphical display and requires password authentication, while keeping user processes actively running in the background.
Power sleep states or forced user logoff scripts either suspend operational system processes or terminate active work sessions, causing unnecessary operational disruption.
3
Address Requirement 3 (Mitigating targeted credential attacks on default accounts)
Disabling the Guest account and renaming the default Administrator account eliminates well-known default Security Identifiers (SIDs) and account names commonly targeted by automated brute-force tools.
Keeping default account names active—even with complex passwords—leaves the system vulnerable to account enumeration and targeted credential attacks.

Key Concept

Workstation Hardening Baselines and Attack Surface Reduction
Estimated Time:2m 0s
Question 359Question

A network technician is hardening several newly installed, Ethernet-connected embedded digital signage appliances deployed in a public facility. The appliances run a lightweight embedded operating system and receive display content from a central server. Which combination of security controls best protects these embedded systems from local tampering and network compromise?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Disable unused physical ports, change default administrative credentials, and isolate the appliances on a dedicated network VLAN.

Answer

Disable unused physical ports, change default administrative credentials, and isolate the appliances on a dedicated network VLAN.
Hardening embedded appliances in public areas relies on minimizing the physical and network attack surfaces. Disabling unused physical ports prevents local unauthorized access, changing default management credentials prevents credential-guessing attacks, and placing the devices on an isolated VLAN limits the potential blast radius if a device is compromised.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the device category and operational environment.
The target devices are dedicated embedded systems operating in a public area over a wired Ethernet connection.
Embedded appliances often have limited security software capabilities and must be hardened at the system and network infrastructure layers.
2
Determine the appropriate hardening controls for embedded systems.
Restrict local access by disabling unused USB/serial ports and altering factory default passwords; restrict network access by placing devices on an isolated VLAN.
Default credentials and open physical ports are primary attack vectors on public-facing IoT and embedded devices.
3
Evaluate alternative controls to rule out misapplications.
MAM containerization applies to mobile BYOD devices, WPA2 applies to wireless media, and physical screen filters do not secure system software.
Security controls must match the architecture and physical reality of the hardware being protected.

Key Concept

Embedded System Hardening and Network Segmentation
Question 360Question

Match each wireless security protocol or implementation component on the left with its corresponding operational requirement or security characteristic on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

EAP-TLS
WPA3-Personal
RADIUS Server
Captive Portal

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

EAP-TLS matches with mutual certificate requirement; WPA3-Personal matches with Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE); RADIUS Server matches with centralized 802.1X AAA authentication service; Captive Portal matches with web traffic interception for guest authentication/AUP.
Each wireless security technology matches its specific operational feature: EAP-TLS provides mutual authentication using client and server digital certificates. WPA3-Personal uses Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) to resist offline dictionary attacks on pre-shared keys. RADIUS serves as the central AAA server in 802.1X wireless environments. A Captive Portal redirects unauthenticated web sessions to a landing page for credential entry or acceptable use policy acceptance.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify authentication mechanisms requiring client-side certificates vs pre-shared keys.
EAP-TLS strictly requires digital certificates on both client and server, whereas WPA3-Personal relies on a passphrase secured via SAE.
Enterprise EAP methods differ fundamentally in certificate requirement for client devices.
2
Determine the backend component responsible for centralized credential validation in enterprise wireless.
RADIUS acts as the authentication server validating 802.1X requests against an identity provider like Active Directory.
Access points forward EAP messages to a backend RADIUS server during 802.1X authentication.
3
Identify web-based guest network access mechanisms.
Captive portals intercept HTTP/HTTPS requests to present policy agreements or web login forms before granting access.
Guest wireless deployments routinely implement web redirection instead of 802.1X or static PSKs.

Key Concept

Wireless Authentication Protocols and Enterprise Access Controls
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Security Practice Questions — CompTIA A+ (Core 1 & Core 2) — Page 18 | Examkin