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Difficulty: EasyWater of Crystallization, Deliquescence, Efflorescence, and Hygroscopy

Which of the following terms describes the phenomenon where a solid substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere and dissolves in it to form a solution?

  1. DeliquescenceAnswer
  2. B
    Hygroscopy
  3. C
    Efflorescence
  4. D
    Evaporation

Answer

Deliquescence is the phenomenon where a solid absorbs water vapor from the atmosphere until it dissolves in that water to form a saturated solution.
Deliquescence is the spontaneous absorption of atmospheric moisture by a solid until it liquefies into a solution. Typical examples of deliquescent compounds include calcium chloride (CaCl2CaCl_2), iron(III) chloride (FeCl3FeCl_3), and sodium hydroxide (NaOHNaOH).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the characteristic atmospheric behavior described in the prompt.
The process involves absorbing moisture from the air to the extent of forming a liquid solution.
This specific property defines deliquescence (e.g., as observed with anhydrous calcium chloride, CaCl2CaCl_2, or sodium hydroxide, NaOHNaOH pellets).

Key Concept

Distinction between deliquescence, hygroscopy, and efflorescence
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Topics

Water of Crystallization, Deliquescence, Efflorescence, and Hygroscopy

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