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Difficulty: MediumAlkanols: Classification, Reactions, Industrial Preparation, and Fermentation

During the industrial conversion of starch into ethanol through fermentation, starch is hydrolyzed to maltose, maltose is converted to glucose, and glucose is decomposed into ethanol and carbon(IV) oxide. Which of the following represents the correct sequential order of enzymes catalyzed in this process?

  1. Diastase →\rightarrow Maltase →\rightarrow ZymaseAnswer
  2. B
    Zymase →\rightarrow Diastase →\rightarrow Maltase
  3. C
    Maltase →\rightarrow Diastase →\rightarrow Zymase
  4. D
    Diastase →\rightarrow Zymase →\rightarrow Maltase

Answer

The correct sequence of enzymes in the fermentation of starch to ethanol is diastase, followed by maltase, and finally zymase.
The production of ethanol from starch involves three sequential enzyme reactions: diastase hydrolyzes starch to maltose, maltase hydrolyzes maltose into glucose units, and zymase ferments glucose to yield ethanol and carbon(IV) oxide gas.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the enzyme that hydrolyzes starch to maltose
Starch is converted to maltose by the enzyme diastase present in malt.
Complex polysaccharides like starch require diastase for initial breakdown into disaccharides.
2
Identify the enzyme that converts maltose into glucose
Maltose is converted into glucose by the enzyme maltase.
Maltase specifically breaks down the disaccharide maltose into monosaccharide glucose units.
3
Identify the enzyme that ferments glucose into ethanol
Glucose is decomposed into ethanol and carbon(IV) oxide by the enzyme zymase.
Zymase secreted by yeast catalyzes the final fermentation step converting monosaccharides into alcohol.

Key Concept

Sequential enzyme-catalyzed reactions in starch fermentation to produce ethanol
Estimated Time:1m 0s
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Topics

Alkanols: Classification, Reactions, Industrial Preparation, and Fermentation

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