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Difficulty: MediumKingdom Monera: Bacteria and Cyanobacteria

Which chemical component forms the primary structural constituent of the cell wall in organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera, distinguishing them from green plant cells?

  1. PeptidoglycanAnswer
  2. B
    Cellulose
  3. C
    Chitin
  4. D
    Capsid protein

Answer

Peptidoglycan forms the primary structural constituent of the cell wall in Kingdom Monera.
Members of Kingdom Monera (bacteria and cyanobacteria) possess prokaryotic cell walls made primarily of peptidoglycan (murein), a mesh-like polymer of sugars and amino acids that gives structural support and protects against osmotic pressure.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the defining cell wall characteristics of organisms in Kingdom Monera.
Monerans are prokaryotic organisms (bacteria and cyanobacteria) with rigid cell walls constructed from peptidoglycan (murein).
Prokaryotic cell walls are distinctively composed of polymer chains of amino sugars cross-linked by short peptide chains.
2
Compare peptidoglycan with structural cell wall components of other biological groups.
Plant cell walls are composed of cellulose, fungal cell walls consist of chitin, and viruses possess protein capsids without cellular walls.
Differentiating cell wall chemical composition serves as a key criterion in biological taxonomy.

Key Concept

Structural composition of prokaryotic cell walls in Kingdom Monera
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Topics

Kingdom Monera: Bacteria and Cyanobacteria

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