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Difficulty: MediumPhysical and Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases

Concentrated tetraoxosulfate(VI) acid (H2SO4H_2SO_4) is added to hydrated copper(II) tetraoxosulfate(VI) crystals (CuSO4⋅5H2OCuSO_4 \cdot 5H_2O), turning their blue color to white. In a separate vessel, dilute tetraoxosulfate(VI) acid reacts with zinc granules to evolve hydrogen gas (H2H_2). Which chemical properties of tetraoxosulfate(VI) acid are demonstrated in the first and second reactions, respectively?

  1. Dehydrating property and acidic propertyAnswer
  2. B
    Oxidizing property and acidic property
  3. C
    Dehydrating property and oxidizing property
  4. D
    Acidic property and dehydrating property

Answer

Dehydrating property and acidic property
The removal of water of crystallization from blue CuSO4⋅5H2OCuSO_4 \cdot 5H_2O to leave white anhydrous CuSO4CuSO_4 demonstrates the dehydrating property of concentrated H2SO4H_2SO_4. The reaction of dilute H2SO4H_2SO_4 with zinc to yield hydrogen gas demonstrates a fundamental chemical property of acids.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the first reaction involving concentrated H2SO4H_2SO_4 and hydrated copper(II) tetraoxosulfate(VI)
Concentrated H2SO4H_2SO_4 acts as a dehydrating agent by removing the five molecules of water of crystallization from blue CuSO4⋅5H2OCuSO_4 \cdot 5H_2O to form white anhydrous CuSO4CuSO_4.
Dehydration is the chemical removal of chemically combined water molecules from a compound.
2
Analyze the second reaction involving dilute H2SO4H_2SO_4 and zinc granules
Dilute H2SO4H_2SO_4 reacts with zinc (ZnZn) according to Zn(s)+H2SO4(aq)→ZnSO4(aq)+H2(g)Zn_{(s)} + H_2SO_{4(aq)} \rightarrow ZnSO_{4(aq)} + H_{2(g)}, liberating hydrogen gas.
A characteristic property of acids is reacting with metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
3
Combine the identified properties in sequential order
The first reaction exhibits a dehydrating property, and the second reaction exhibits an acidic property.
The question asks for the properties demonstrated in the first and second experiments respectively.

Key Concept

Distinct behavior of concentrated vs dilute tetraoxosulfate(VI) acid
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Topics

Physical and Chemical Properties of Acids and Bases

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