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Question

Difficulty: MediumConservation of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

Match each environmental management strategy listed on the left with its primary conservation objective or benefit on the right.

  • Afforestation and reafforestationCarbon sequestration, microclimate stabilization, and prevention of desertification
  • Contour plowing and terracingMitigation of water runoff velocity and soil erosion on steep slopes
  • Establishment of game reserves and national parksIn-situ protection of wild flora, fauna, and ecosystem integrity
  • Enforcement of industrial effluent treatment standardsPrevention of aquatic pollution and eutrophication in water bodies

Answer

The correct pairings are: Afforestation and reafforestation matches with Carbon sequestration, microclimate stabilization, and prevention of desertification; Contour plowing and terracing matches with Mitigation of water runoff velocity and soil erosion on steep slopes; Establishment of game reserves and national parks matches with In-situ protection of wild flora, fauna, and ecosystem integrity; Enforcement of industrial effluent treatment standards matches with Prevention of aquatic pollution and eutrophication in water bodies.
Tree planting combats land degradation and traps carbon dioxide; contouring/terracing acts physically to slow surface runoff on slopes; national parks protect wild biodiversity in its original ecosystem (in-situ); and industrial effluent regulations protect aquatic habitats from nutrient enrichment and toxicity.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze each environmental management practice in terms of its targeted resource (forest, soil, wildlife, or water).
Forest management corresponds to tree planting; soil management to agricultural contouring; wildlife management to protected reserves; water management to effluent standards.
Categorizing practices by target domain clarifies their primary conservation function.
2
Pair each strategy with its corresponding ecological benefit.
Afforestation reduces desertification; terracing controls slope erosion; game reserves provide in-situ species protection; effluent controls stop aquatic pollution.
Accurately connects environmental control measures to ecosystem outcomes.

Key Concept

Methods and Principles of Environmental Conservation and Resource Management
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Topics

Conservation of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

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