In semi-arid regions such as Northern Nigeria, unsustainable land use triggers severe desertification. Arrange the following environmental degradation processes in their correct chronological sequence, from the initial cause to the final ecological outcome.
- 1Widespread removal of vegetation through overgrazing and tree felling
- 2Exposure of topsoil to intense solar heating and wind erosion
- 3Drastic reduction in soil organic matter and water infiltration capacity
- 4Sand dune encroachment and total loss of biological productivity
Answer
The correct order of desertification stages begins with the widespread removal of natural vegetation, followed by topsoil exposure and wind erosion, leading to a drastic reduction in soil organic matter and water infiltration, and concluding with sand dune encroachment and total loss of land productivity.
Desertification begins with human disturbances like overgrazing and tree felling. This exposes topsoil to wind erosion and solar heating, leading to loss of organic humus and soil water infiltration, and culminates in sand dune encroachment and permanent land degradation.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Process and stages of desertification in semi-arid environments
Estimated Time:1m 0s