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Difficulty: MediumParliamentary vs Presidential Executive Systems

In constitutional governance, executive power can be organized under either a parliamentary or a presidential system. Which of the following constitutional arrangements is a direct operational feature of a presidential executive system?

  1. A
    Cabinet ministers are drawn directly from elected members of the legislature and hold dual membership in both branches.
  2. The president holds a fixed tenure of office and cannot be removed by a legislative vote of no confidence.Answer
  3. C
    The executive branch can be dissolved by the head of state whenever a major legislative bill is defeated.
  4. D
    The executive cabinet operates under the strict principle of collective responsibility to the parliament.

Answer

The correct option is the statement that the president holds a fixed tenure of office and cannot be removed by a legislative vote of no confidence.
In a presidential executive system, separation of powers ensures that the president is elected independently of the legislature and serves a fixed constitutional term. The president cannot be forced to resign simply by losing a legislative vote of confidence.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the core structural features of a presidential executive system.
Under a presidential system, strict separation of powers exists between the executive and legislative branches.
The president is directly or indirectly elected by the electorate independently of the legislature.
2
Evaluate executive tenure and removal mechanisms.
The president enjoys fixed tenure and can only be removed through impeachment for gross misconduct, not through a vote of no confidence.
A vote of no confidence is an executive removal tool exclusive to parliamentary systems.

Key Concept

Fixed tenure and executive independence in a presidential system
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Parliamentary vs Presidential Executive Systems

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