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Difficulty: MediumNoble Gases: Isolation, Electronic Structure, and Uses

Match each noble gas listed on the left with its corresponding primary industrial application or physical property on the right.

  • Helium (HeHe)Forming heliox mixtures with oxygen for deep-sea diving to prevent decompression sickness
  • Neon (NeNe)Emitting a distinctive orange-red glow in high-voltage advertising discharge tubes
  • Argon (ArAr)Providing an inert shielding atmosphere during high-temperature electric arc welding
  • Krypton (KrKr)Filling high-efficiency incandescent bulbs and specialized airport runway flashers

Answer

Helium matches deep-sea diving breathing mixtures (heliox); Neon matches orange-red advertising discharge tubes; Argon matches inert shielding atmosphere in arc welding; Krypton matches high-efficiency airport runway lighting.
Each noble gas possesses distinct physical properties leading to specific applications: Helium's low blood solubility makes it essential for diving mixtures; Neon's electrical excitation spectrum yields orange-red sign lighting; Argon's abundance and chemical inertness provide a protective shield during welding; Krypton's high atomic mass improves filament life in specialized high-intensity lighting.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the low solubility property of Helium
Helium replaces nitrogen in deep-sea breathing gas (heliox).
Prevents painful decompression sickness because helium is significantly less soluble in human blood under high pressure.
2
Determine the atomic spectrum property of Neon
Neon produces a characteristic orange-red glow in gas discharge lamps.
Electron transitions in excited neon gas release photons with wavelengths corresponding to reddish-orange light.
3
Analyze the industrial application of Argon in metallurgy
Argon serves as an inert protective blanket in electric arc welding.
Being non-reactive and atmospheric abundant, it displaces atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen during metal joining.
4
Relate Krypton's atomic mass to incandescent lighting efficiency
Krypton is used in high-intensity airport runway bulbs.
Heavy noble gas atoms retard the thermal evaporation of tungsten filaments.

Key Concept

Specific industrial applications and unique physical/chemical characteristics of noble gases (Group 18).
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Noble Gases: Isolation, Electronic Structure, and Uses

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