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Lexis and Vocabulary

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Question 961Question →

Before finalizing the distribution of her estate, a testator instructed her attorney to draft a supplementary document to modify specific bequeathals without revoking her existing will entirely. Which of the following specialized terms best identifies this legal instrument?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: codicil

Answer

codicil
The term 'codicil' is the precise specialized word in legal register denoting an official document executed to amend, supplement, or partially revoke an existing will.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The scenario concerns estate law, specifically altering a will without replacing it entirely.
Specialized registers require choosing the precise technical term used within the specific professional domain.
2
Evaluate the specialized terminology for modifying a will
The term 'codicil' is the exact legal term for a document that amends or appends provisions to an existing will.
General terms for additions like 'addendum' or 'postscript' do not carry the formal legal function defined in law registers.

Key Concept

Occupational and Specialized Registers (Legal Terminology)
Question 962Question →

During a financial audit of a commercial bank, the loan officer explained that the gradual repayment of a debt through regular, scheduled installments covering both principal and interest over a specified period is recorded in the ledger. Which specialized banking register term best describes this process?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: amortization

Answer

Amortization is the correct specialized financial term for paying off a debt over time through regular, scheduled payments of principal and interest.
Amortization is the standard technical term in banking and accounting used to describe the systematic reduction of a loan balance through periodic payments that cover both interest and principal.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The context describes a banking process involving the gradual reduction of a debt obligation through regular, structured installment payments.
Specialized occupational registers require selecting words that precisely match specific professional procedures.
2
Evaluate the specialized meanings of each banking and accounting option
Amortization specifically denotes the structured pay-down of loan principal and interest over time. Depreciation applies to asset valuation loss, liquidation to winding up a firm, and remittance to general funds transfer.
Differentiating domain-specific terms prevents domain confusion and literal dictionary misapplication.

Key Concept

Banking and Finance Register: Amortization
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 963Question →

Match each specialized occupational term on the left with its corresponding technical definition on the right.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Imprimatur
Prognosis
Starboard
Firewall

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Imprimatur matches official sanction to publish; Prognosis matches medical forecast of disease outcome; Starboard matches the right-hand side of a vessel; Firewall matches network security system filtering unauthorized access.
Each specialized term is matched precisely to its technical register: Imprimatur (publishing sanction), Prognosis (medical forecast), Starboard (nautical right-hand orientation), and Firewall (cybersecurity system).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the specific professional domain for each term in the left column.
Imprimatur belongs to publishing, Prognosis to medicine, Starboard to nautical navigation, and Firewall to information technology.
Classifying the occupational field narrows the search for corresponding technical meanings.
2
Pair each term with its exact domain definition from the right column.
Imprimatur maps to publication sanction, Prognosis to medical outcome forecast, Starboard to right-side vessel orientation, and Firewall to network security filtration.
Specialized registers require precise alignment between technical terms and their domain definitions.

Key Concept

Occupational and Specialized Registers
Question 964Question →

During pre-trial proceedings in a high court, the accused person was brought before the judge to hear the formal charges read against them and to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. Which of the following specialized legal terms refers to this procedure?

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Answer: arraignment

Answer

The specialized legal term 'arraignment' correctly describes the court proceeding where formal charges are read and a plea is taken.
The term 'arraignment' refers specifically to the formal judicial proceeding in which an accused individual is brought before a judge, informed of the explicit criminal charges, and called upon to enter a plea.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context in the stem
The scenario describes a judicial event where an accused person hears their formal criminal charges and enters a plea.
Identifying the specific legal event is essential to selecting the precise technical term.
2
Evaluate the specialized legal terms provided in the options
The term 'arraignment' specifically designates the preliminary court appearance for reading charges and taking a plea.
Distinguishing the written charging document, witness summons, and sworn evidence statements from the procedural hearing isolates the correct register term.

Key Concept

Occupational and Specialized Registers: Legal Terminology
Question 965Question →

Which specialized term from publishing and printing completes the sentence below?

Fill in the blanks below

Before a book is cleared for final mass production, the editor carefully reviews the to detect and correct any remaining typographical or layout errors.
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Answer

galley proof
In the publishing and printing register, a 'galley proof' (or simply 'galley') is the preliminary formatted version of a text produced for proofreading and final editorial checks prior to official printing.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the occupational domain described in the context.
The context involves the publishing and printing process prior to final publication.
The sentence mentions clearing a book for mass production and checking for typographical or layout errors.
2
Determine the precise technical term for a preliminary pre-publication print run.
The term 'galley proof' (or 'galley') denotes the preliminary printed version used for proofreading.
In publishing register, 'galley proof' specifically refers to formatted text proofs created before final printing to catch errors.

Key Concept

Occupational Register (Publishing and Printing)
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 966Question →

Match each vocabulary word in the left column with its precise antonym (word opposite in meaning) in the right column.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Diligent
Humble
Friendly
Permanent

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Diligent pairs with Lazy; Humble pairs with Arrogant; Friendly pairs with Hostile; Permanent pairs with Temporary.
Each word on the left is matched with its exact antonym on the right: Diligent (hardworking) is opposite to Lazy; Humble (modest) is opposite to Arrogant; Friendly (kind) is opposite to Hostile; Permanent (lasting) is opposite to Temporary.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Define each target word in the left column.
Diligent means hardworking; Humble means modest; Friendly means pleasant/kind; Permanent means lasting indefinitely.
Establishing clear definitions is necessary to determine precise antonyms.
2
Find the corresponding word in the right column that expresses the direct opposite meaning.
Diligent matches Lazy; Humble matches Arrogant; Friendly matches Hostile; Permanent matches Temporary.
Antonyms express contrasting or opposing semantic qualities.

Key Concept

Antonyms and Words Opposite in Meaning
Question 967Question →

Read the context carefully and complete the sentence by supplying the word nearest in meaning to fit the blank.

Fill in the blanks below

During the cross-examination, the witness gave an response that left the jury entirely uncertain about the true timeline of events.
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Answer

The word nearest in meaning that correctly completes the sentence is 'equivocal' (or 'ambiguous' / 'evasive').
The sentence specifies that the witness's statement resulted in confusion and uncertainty regarding the timeline. The term 'equivocal' (along with synonyms like 'ambiguous' or 'evasive') means open to more than one interpretation or deliberately misleading, which accurately fits the contextual clue provided.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context clues within the sentence.
The phrase 'left the jury entirely uncertain about the true timeline' indicates that the response lacked clarity and was open to multiple interpretations.
Contextual clues dictate the semantic requirement for the missing word.
2
Determine the appropriate word nearest in meaning.
'Equivocal' refers to statements that are intentionally vague or ambiguous, precisely matching the state of uncertainty described.
The meaning of 'equivocal' aligns directly with the contextual demand of the sentence.

Key Concept

Contextual Synonymy and Lexical Precision
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 968Question →

Complete the sentence below by filling the blank with a word nearest in meaning to 'magnanimous'.

Fill in the blanks below

Despite the harsh criticism from his opponents, the leader remained and pardoned them completely.
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Answer

The word 'forgiving' (or 'generous') correctly completes the sentence as it is nearest in meaning to 'magnanimous'.
The word 'magnanimous' refers to showing a lofty, generous, and forgiving spirit towards others, particularly rivals. Therefore, 'forgiving' or 'generous' is the word nearest in meaning that appropriately completes the context.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the meaning of the target word 'magnanimous' in context.
The sentence describes a leader who pardons opponents despite harsh criticism, indicating a noble and forgiving disposition.
Contextual clues like 'pardoned them completely' indicate high-minded generosity and forgiveness.
2
Identify the word nearest in meaning to fit the blank.
'Forgiving' or 'generous' accurately captures the core meaning of being magnanimous.
Magnanimous describes someone who is generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or less powerful person.

Key Concept

Identifying synonyms and words nearest in meaning in contextual sentences.
Estimated Time:45s
Question 969Question →

In the sentence below, select the option that is MOST NEARLY OPPOSITE IN MEANING to the capitalized word.

After a long day of intensive physical training, the athletes felt LETHARGIC and preferred to rest in their rooms.

Which of the following words is opposite in meaning to LETHARGIC as used in the sentence?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: energetic

Answer

The word opposite in meaning to 'lethargic' is 'energetic'.
In the given context, 'lethargic' means lacking energy, feeling slow, or fatigued. The word 'energetic' means active and full of life, making it the exact antonym.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the target word in the sentence.
The word 'lethargic' describes athletes who are tired, lacking energy, and needing rest after intense physical training.
Understanding sentence context establishes the precise operational definition of the target word.
2
Identify the contextual antonym for 'lethargic'.
'Energetic' means full of vigor, activity, and energy, which directly opposes 'lethargic'.
JAMB UTME antonym questions require selecting the word that expresses the opposite condition.

Key Concept

Identifying contextual antonyms in English sentences
Question 970Question →

Match each vocabulary word in Column A with its precise antonym (word opposite in meaning) in Column B.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Items

Insouciant
Perspicuous
Recalcitrant
Magnanimous

Matches

Show answer & explanation

Answer

Insouciant pairs with Solicitous; Perspicuous pairs with Abstruse; Recalcitrant pairs with Submissive; Magnanimous pairs with Vindictive.
Each word is correctly matched to its exact lexical antonym: Insouciant (carefree) contrasts with Solicitous (anxiously concerned); Perspicuous (clear and lucid) contrasts with Abstruse (deeply obscure); Recalcitrant (defiant and uncooperative) contrasts with Submissive (compliant and yielding); and Magnanimous (generous and forgiving) contrasts with Vindictive (spiteful and vengeful).

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the core meaning and emotional tone of each word in Column A.
Insouciant denotes carefree unconcern; Perspicuous denotes lucidity and clarity; Recalcitrant denotes rebellious obstinacy; Magnanimous denotes noble generosity and forgiveness.
Establishing clear lexical definitions is necessary before seeking precise antonymic relationships.
2
Evaluate the terms in Column B to find exact direct opposites for each definition.
Solicitous (deeply concerned) directly opposes Insouciant; Abstruse (hard to understand) directly opposes Perspicuous; Submissive (obedient/compliant) directly opposes Recalcitrant; Vindictive (vengeful/spiteful) directly opposes Magnanimous.
Matching requires selecting words that exhibit maximum semantic contrast.

Key Concept

Antonyms and Words Opposite in Meaning
Question 971Question →

Read the sentence below carefully. Which word nearest in meaning to 'convincing' or 'compelling' best completes the statement?

Fill in the blanks below

Despite initial skepticism from the board, the financial analyst presented a case for diversifying the company's investment portfolio.
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Answer

The word that best completes the sentence is 'cogent', which means clear, logical, and convincing.
The term 'cogent' means clear, logical, and convincingly persuasive. In this context, presenting a cogent case explains how the analyst successfully persuaded the skeptical board.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The subject is attempting to overcome 'initial skepticism' from a board by making a strong case for diversifying investments.
Understanding the context clarifies that the required word must denote strength, logical clarity, and persuasive power.
2
Identify the target synonym
The word 'cogent' specifically describes an argument or case that is clear, logical, and compelling.
Fitting 'cogent' into the blank precisely conveys that the analyst's case was convincing enough to address the board's doubts.

Key Concept

Synonyms and Words Nearest in Meaning
Question 972Question →

Complete the sentence below by filling in the blank with the appropriate idiomatic expression that best fits the context.

Fill in the blanks below

Despite explicit warnings from the regulatory agency, the investment directors continued to with clients' capital, ultimately precipitating the collapse of the fund.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

play fast and loose
The expression 'play fast and loose' is an established English idiom meaning to act irresponsibly, dishonestly, or recklessly with someone or something, which accurately matches the scenario of reckless handling of investment capital.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context and tone of the sentence
The context involves investment directors engaging in reckless, deceitful, and irresponsible financial actions with clients' funds despite regulatory warnings.
Identifying the context helps determine the precise meaning required for the missing idiomatic expression.
2
Identify the idiomatic phrase that matches this figurative meaning
The idiom 'play fast and loose' means to behave dishonestly, deceitfully, or irresponsibly, especially by taking improper liberties with rules or trust.
This exact phrase fits both the syntax of the infinitive 'to [idiom]' and the semantic requirement of reckless financial handling.

Key Concept

Idiomatic Expressions - Expressing Deceit and Recklessness
Question 973Question →

During the public inquiry, the panel meticulously cross-examined the key witness regarding the submitted documentation. Which word nearest in meaning to 'truthfulness' appropriately completes the sentence below?

Fill in the blanks below

The members of the commission expressed serious reservations concerning the of the statements contained in the report.
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Answer

veracity (or truthfulness)
The word 'veracity' means conformity to facts, accuracy, or truthfulness. In the context of investigating official statements, questioning their veracity means doubting whether they are true.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence to identify the required meaning of the blank.
The sentence discusses doubts surrounding whether the statements in a report are factual and honest.
The phrase 'reservations concerning the...' requires a noun denoting factual accuracy or truthfulness.
2
Identify a precise formal synonym for 'truthfulness' suitable for an administrative or academic register.
The noun 'veracity' signifies adherence to truth, accuracy, or correctness.
'Veracity' fits the formal register of the sentence and directly substitutes for 'truthfulness'.

Key Concept

Synonyms and Contextual Word Meaning
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 974Question →

The chairman criticized the committee's ephemeral interest in the reform policy, noting that their enthusiasm faded as soon as challenges arose. Which word is nearest in meaning to the underlined word as used in the sentence?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: fleeting

Answer

fleeting
The word 'ephemeral' describes something that lasts for a very short time. In the given sentence, the phrase 'their enthusiasm faded as soon as challenges arose' provides a clear contextual clue that the interest was brief. Therefore, 'fleeting' is the word nearest in meaning.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The sentence indicates that the committee's enthusiasm 'faded as soon as challenges arose', showing their interest was short-lived.
Contextual clues clarify the specific sense in which the target word is being used.
2
Determine the meaning of the underlined word 'ephemeral'
'Ephemeral' refers to something transitory, momentary, or lasting for a very short duration.
Matching the definition with contextual clues narrows down the exact synonym.
3
Evaluate the options against the target meaning
'Fleeting' directly conveys the meaning of lasting a very short time.
'Fleeting' is the accurate word nearest in meaning to 'ephemeral' in this scenario.

Key Concept

Contextual Synonyms in Lexis and Vocabulary
Question 975Question →

Despite the intricate technical challenges and severe time constraints, the engineering team managed to __________ the complex structural renovation successfully. Which phrasal verb correctly completes the sentence?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: bring off

Answer

The phrasal verb 'bring off' correctly completes the sentence because it means to successfully perform or achieve something difficult.
The phrasal verb 'bring off' means to succeed in doing something difficult or unexpected. Given that the team faced technical challenges and tight deadlines, executing the renovation successfully is precisely expressed by 'bring off'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the contextual clues in the sentence stem.
The sentence describes overcoming 'intricate technical challenges' and 'severe time constraints' to complete a renovation 'successfully'.
The blank requires a phrasal verb that signifies achieving or pulling off a challenging task.
2
Evaluate the particle meanings associated with the verb root 'bring'.
'Bring off' specifically denotes achieving success in an arduous undertaking, whereas 'bring about' implies causation, 'bring out' implies publication/emphasis, and 'bring up' implies mention/rearing.
Matching the precise idiomatic sense of the particle prevents misinterpretation of the verb's contextual role.

Key Concept

Distinguishing contextual meanings of phrasal verbs sharing the same root verb
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 976Question →

Read the sentence below carefully and complete the literary analysis by filling in the missing term. What figure of speech is demonstrated in the sentence?

Fill in the blanks below

In the sentence, 'The exhausted detective spent a sleepless night searching for the missing evidence,' the transfer of the modifier 'sleepless' from the detective to the noun 'night' is an example of .
Show answer & explanation

Answer

transferred epithet (or hypallage)
The correct response is 'transferred epithet' (or 'hypallage'). This figure of speech takes place when an epithet or qualifying adjective ('sleepless') is transferred from the person experiencing the condition (the detective) to a related noun ('night').

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the modifier and its modified noun in the sentence.
The adjective 'sleepless' is syntactically attached to the noun 'night'.
Logically, a period of time such as a 'night' cannot experience sleep or sleeplessness; only a living person (the detective) can.
2
Identify the literary device where a modifier is shifted from its logical subject to another associated word.
The device is a transferred epithet (also known in classical rhetoric as hypallage).
A transferred epithet occurs when an adjective (epithet) qualifies a noun other than the person or thing it logically describes.

Key Concept

Transferred Epithet (Hypallage)
Question 977Question →

Complete the sentence below by filling in the blank with a word that is opposite in meaning to the highlighted word.

Fill in the blanks below

Despite the mediator's persistent efforts to reach a compromise, the union leader remained completely intransigent, whereas the management proved unexpectedly .
Show answer & explanation

Answer

accommodating (or flexible / yielding / compliant / cooperative)
The sentence uses the contrastive conjunction 'whereas' to contrast the union leader's refusal to compromise with the management's behavior. 'Intransigent' means unwilling or refusing to change one's views or agree about something. Therefore, an antonym such as 'accommodating', 'flexible', or 'yielding' correctly completes the sentence.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the meaning of the highlighted target word in its sentence context.
The word 'intransigent' refers to someone who is stubborn, uncompromising, or refusing to change their views.
Understanding the precise contextual definition of the target word is necessary before determining its opposite.
2
Identify the contrasting relationship established in the sentence structure.
The conjunction 'whereas' sets up a direct opposition between the stance of the union leader and that of the management.
Since the union leader was uncompromising ('intransigent'), management's contrasting behavior requires a word meaning willing to compromise or adapt.
3
Select the appropriate antonym that completes the blank grammatically and semantically.
Words such as 'accommodating', 'flexible', 'yielding', or 'compliant' serve as accurate contextual antonyms for 'intransigent'.
These terms precisely denote a willingness to cooperate and yield in negotiations.

Key Concept

Identifying Contextual Antonyms
Estimated Time:1m 0s
Question 978Question →

Which word nearest in meaning to 'recalcitrant' correctly completes the sentence below?

Fill in the blanks below

Despite numerous attempts by the mediator to negotiate a settlement, the union leader remained in his refusal to concede any demands.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

intransigent (or obdurate / unyielding)
The word 'recalcitrant' means stubbornly resistant to authority, control, or persuasion. In the context of a labor dispute where a leader refuses to compromise despite mediation, 'intransigent' (or 'obdurate') accurately expresses this uncompromising stance.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the meaning of the target word 'recalcitrant' within the sentence context.
The target word describes an individual who is stubbornly defiant of authority or resistant to compromise.
The surrounding phrase 'refusal to concede any demands' despite repeated mediation indicates an obstinate and inflexible posture.
2
Determine the word nearest in meaning that maintains both semantic precision and formal register.
'Intransigent' (or 'obdurate') serves as the exact contextual synonym.
Both 'recalcitrant' and 'intransigent' signify an unyielding refusal to change one's stance or come to an agreement.

Key Concept

Identifying high-register synonyms and words nearest in meaning in formal discourse
Estimated Time:1m 15s
Question 979Question →

Which word nearest in meaning to 'obstinately unyielding' or 'stubborn' correctly completes the sentence below?

Fill in the blanks below

Despite prolonged mediation by the reconciliation committee, the faction leaders remained completely in their positions, frustrating all attempts at compromise.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

The word 'intransigent' (or 'obdurate') correctly completes the sentence, as it signifies an unyielding, refusal to compromise attitude that matches the context of failed mediation.
The term 'intransigent' means refusing to agree or compromise, perfectly matching the context where faction leaders frustrate mediation by holding obstinately to their positions.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the context of the sentence
The clause 'frustrating all attempts at compromise' indicates that the faction leaders refused to alter their positions despite mediation.
Contextual clues demand an adjective denoting severe stubbornness or unyielding refusal to compromise.
2
Identify the precise lexical synonym required
Words such as 'intransigent', 'obdurate', or 'recalcitrant' precisely convey an uncompromising, obstinate attitude within formal socio-political register.
These terms function as exact formal synonyms for 'obstinately unyielding' in high-level English usage.

Key Concept

Contextual Vocabulary and Synonyms
Question 980Question →

Supply the word nearest in meaning to 'haughty' or 'arrogantly disdainful' that correctly completes the sentence below.

Fill in the blanks below

The committee condemned the delegate's attitude toward his colleagues during the plenary session.
Show answer & explanation

Answer

The word that best completes the sentence with the meaning of haughty or arrogantly disdainful is 'supercilious' (or synonyms such as 'haughty', 'disdainful', or 'imperious').
The word 'supercilious' means behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others, which directly matches the target meaning of haughty or arrogantly disdainful.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the sentence context
The sentence describes a negative conduct by a delegate during a formal session that brought condemnation from a committee.
Establishing context helps determine the required register and sentiment of the missing word.
2
Identify the target meaning
The target concept requires a word expressing haughtiness or arrogant disdain.
The stem specifies 'haughty' or 'arrogantly disdainful' as the target meaning.
3
Select the appropriate synonym
'Supercilious' fits grammatically as an adjective modifying 'attitude' and precisely conveys disdainful arrogance.
'Supercilious' matches the formal literary register expected in standard exam assessments.

Key Concept

Synonyms and Words Nearest in Meaning
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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