Question

Difficulty: MediumIdentifying Main Conclusions

Sociologist: Some scholars claim that the accelerating extinction of minority languages is driven exclusively by the economic advantages associated with fluency in dominant global languages. This perspective, however, ignores the profound impact of social stigma. In many regions, the dominant culture characterizes minority language use as a marker of lower social status. To protect their children from discrimination, parents in these communities frequently choose to raise them speaking only the dominant language. It follows that economic factors alone cannot fully explain the phenomenon of language loss. Thus, the desire to avoid social marginalization must be recognized as a primary catalyst in the disappearance of minority languages.

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the sociologist's argument?

  1. The need to avert social marginalization should be recognized as a major contributing factor in the extinction of minority languages.Answer
  2. B
    Economic incentives are not the sole explanation for the accelerating loss of minority languages.
  3. C
    Parents in minority communities often raise their children to speak only the dominant language in order to shield them from discrimination.
  4. D
    The disappearance of minority languages is driven exclusively by the economic benefits of speaking a dominant global language.
  5. E
    If dominant cultures ceased to stigmatize minority languages, the economic advantages of dominant languages would no longer cause language extinction.

Answer

The correct answer is the option stating that the need to avert social marginalization should be recognized as a major contributing factor in the extinction of minority languages.
The argument builds toward its final sentence, which serves as the ultimate conclusion: the desire to avoid social marginalization must be recognized as a primary catalyst in the disappearance of minority languages. The correct option is a direct paraphrase of this final claim.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the author's primary objective in the passage.
The author aims to refute the claim that language extinction is strictly driven by economics and to propose social stigma as an equally important driver.
Understanding the author's overarching motive helps locate the ultimate conclusion they are trying to prove.
2
Deconstruct the argument into its structural components (premises, opposing views, intermediate conclusions, and main conclusion).
Opposing view: Economics is the exclusive driver. Premises: Stigma exists; parents avoid minority languages to protect children. Intermediate Conclusion: Economics alone cannot explain the loss. Main Conclusion: Avoiding marginalization is a primary catalyst.
Structural analysis strictly separates the evidence and intermediate steps from the final, overarching claim.
3
Select the answer choice that most accurately paraphrases the main conclusion.
The correct choice accurately mirrors the final sentence of the stimulus, highlighting the necessity to recognize social marginalization as a primary catalyst.
The correct answer for a Main Conclusion question must match the author's ultimate claim without adding outside information or confusing it with supporting statements.

Key Concept

Identifying Main Conclusions
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