A practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer prescribed ophthalmic drops to a client with glaucoma. In what order should the PN perform the following actions? Arrange the steps from first to last.
- 1Verify the client's identity and the medication against the medication administration record.
- 2Instruct the client to tilt their head backward and look upward toward the ceiling.
- 3Pull down gently on the lower eyelid to expose the conjunctival sac.
- 4Instill the prescribed number of drops directly into the lower conjunctival sac.
- 5Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds.
Answer
The correct sequence is: Verify identity and medication, position the client's head, expose the conjunctival sac, instill the drops, and apply pressure to the nasolacrimal duct.
Safe and effective administration of eye drops follows a specific anatomical and safety sequence. First, baseline safety checks must be completed. Second, the client is positioned to comfortably receive the medication. Third, the conjunctival sac is exposed to create a safe pouch. Fourth, the medication is instilled into this pouch to avoid direct corneal trauma. Finally, pressure is applied to the nasolacrimal duct (inner canthus) to prevent the medication from draining into the nasal mucosa and causing unintended systemic effects.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept
Safe administration of ophthalmic medications requires verifying safety checks, correct client positioning, instillation into the conjunctival sac, and prevention of systemic absorption.