All practice questions

While assessing a client recovering from a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, the practical nurse notes a sudden change in the client's baseline behavior. The 78-year-old client, who has been treated with high-dose intravenous corticosteroids for the past three days, is now highly agitated, disoriented, and reports a burning sensation in the epigastric region. The vital signs show a heart rate of 115 bpm, a blood pressure of 102/56 mm Hg, and an oxygen saturation of 89% on room air. What is the priority intervention for the practical nurse in this scenario?

A practical nurse is monitoring a client who recently returned from the post-anesthesia care unit following abdominal surgery. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as early indicators of hypovolemic shock? (Select all that apply.)

An older adult client is recovering on a surgical unit two days after undergoing an abdominal procedure. The client, who was previously oriented and cooperative, now exhibits sudden restlessness and confusion about their current location. The latest vital signs reveal a heart rate of 114 beats/min and a blood pressure of 98/58 mm Hg. Which of the following is the priority action for the practical nurse?

A practical nurse is providing basic care for a client who is 3 days postoperative following a surgical evacuation of a subdural hematoma. The client has residual right-sided hemiplegia and severe dysphagia, requiring maximum assistance with activities of daily living. Which care interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

A practical nurse is providing care for a client who returned to the nursing unit one hour ago following a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which interventions should the nurse implement to promote comfort and ensure client safety? (Select all that apply)

A practical nurse is caring for an adult client with heart failure who is scheduled to receive a morning dose of oral digoxin. During the pre-administration assessment, the client's apical pulse is $54$ beats/min, and the client reports feeling nauseous and seeing yellow halos around the lights in the room. Which of the following actions should the practical nurse take first?

A practical nurse is caring for an adult client who was recently diagnosed with a respiratory tract infection. The healthcare provider prescribes oral azithromycin $0.5\text{ g}$ to be administered once daily. The pharmacy dispenses a reconstituted oral suspension labeled $250\text{ mg}/5\text{ mL}$. How many milliliters ($\text{mL}$) should the nurse administer to the client for each dose?

A practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of cefdinir oral suspension to a pediatric client with acute otitis media. The client's weight is 27 pounds 8 ounces. The provider's prescription reads: cefdinir 14 mg/kg/day by mouth, divided in equal doses every 12 hours. The pharmacy supplies a bottle of cefdinir powder for oral suspension. The reconstitution instructions on the label state: "Add 38 mL of sterile water to the bottle to yield a final concentration of 125 mg/5 mL." How many milliliters (mL) should the PN administer for a single dose? (Record answer to the nearest tenth. Do not include units in answer.)

A practical nurse (PN) is assigned to care for a $74$-year-old client who is prescribed daily oral lithium carbonate for the management of bipolar disorder. The client's morning laboratory panel reveals a serum lithium level of $1.9$ mEq/L and a serum sodium level of $130$ mEq/L. During data collection, the PN notes that the client is exhibiting a coarse hand tremor, ataxia, and new-onset acute confusion. Which of the following is the priority action for the PN?

A practical nurse is preparing to collect a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity from a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Arrange the following steps for this procedure in the correct chronological sequence.

A client with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bilateral lower extremity edema is confined to bed rest 72 hours after undergoing surgical stabilization of a pelvic fracture. To promote optimal comfort, preserve skin integrity, and accommodate all underlying physiological needs, which positioning strategy should the practical nurse execute?

A practical nurse is planning morning hygiene and comfort care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a right-sided total hip arthroplasty (posterior approach). The client reports mild joint stiffness and requests assistance with a bed bath and repositioning. Which action should the nurse take?

A client is recovering on the surgical unit following a right total hip arthroplasty utilizing a posterior approach. The practical nurse is preparing to turn the client to assess the sacral area. Which action represents the safest technique for this client?

A practical nurse (PN) enters the room of a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and discovers that the central venous catheter tubing has accidentally disconnected from the hub. The client is suddenly gasping for air, clutching their chest, and appears cyanotic. In what order should the PN perform the following actions? Arrange the actions in the correct sequence from first to last.

A practical nurse is monitoring a client who began receiving a packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion 15 minutes ago. The client suddenly reports severe lower back pain, acute chills, and a sensation of chest tightness. Arrange the following nursing actions in the correct sequence of priority from first to last.

A practical nurse is collecting data from a client who is 2 hours postoperative following an abdominal hysterectomy. The client's vital signs are: blood pressure 98/60 mm Hg, heart rate 114 beats per minute, respiratory rate 18 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation 96% on room air. The client reports incisional pain as 6 on a 0 to 10 pain scale. Which action should the practical nurse take first?

During a routine medication pass at an outpatient recovery clinic, a client receiving treatment for severe opioid use disorder becomes tearful. The client states, 'I cannot handle the intense guilt of what I put my family through while I was using. Sometimes I think it would be easier to just go back to the drugs.' Which response by the practical nurse is the most appropriate?

A 78-year-old client is admitted to the medical unit with a history of melena and fatigue. While collecting vital signs, the practical nurse notes a resting heart rate of 112 beats per minute, a blood pressure of 96/62 mm Hg, and acute disorientation to the current location. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

An older adult client with a history of heart failure is prescribed a daily dose of oral furosemide. The most recent comprehensive metabolic panel reveals a serum potassium level of $2.6$ mEq/L ($2.6$ mmol/L). Which action should the practical nurse take?

A client diagnosed with bipolar disorder has been managed on a daily maintenance dose of oral lithium. Three days ago, the healthcare provider prescribed oral hydrochlorothiazide for newly diagnosed hypertension. During the morning assessment, the practical nurse notes the client is experiencing vomiting, profound muscle weakness, and new-onset coarse hand tremors. The client's morning serum sodium level is $128\text{ mEq/L}$ ($128\text{ mmol/L}$). Which action should the practical nurse take first?