Andean agriculturalists constructed stone-walled terraces called andenes to maximize arable land on steep mountain slopes. Historically, researchers viewed these structures primarily as a straightforward response to topographic constraints. However, recent archaeological and soil analyses suggest that these terraces served a far more sophisticated ecological function. By retaining thermal energy during cold nights and slowly filtering runoff water during heavy seasonal rains, the andenes created stable, localized microclimates. Consequently, scholars now argue that the terrace system was not merely a passive adaptation to mountainous terrain, but a proactive engineering strategy that actively minimized frost risk and prevented soil erosion.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
- AIt describes an environmental challenge faced by ancient farmers, proposes a technological solution to that challenge, lists the materials needed to implement the solution, and evaluates its long-term success.
- It presents a long-held view of an agricultural practice, introduces research that challenges that view, describes the specific environmental mechanisms of the practice, and concludes with a refined interpretation of its purpose.Answer
- CIt details a specific archaeological discovery, compares it to similar discoveries in other regions, argues for its historical significance, and calls for further soil analysis.
- DIt defines an agricultural term, details the steps required to construct a physical system, presents a debate between two groups of researchers, and sides with one group.