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Difficulty: EasyAncient Indian Civilizations and Early Empires

Regarding the major archaeological features of Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) sites, which of the following statements are correct?

  1. Kalibangan has provided archaeological evidence of a pre-Harappan ploughed field.Answer
  2. Dholavira is characterized by its sophisticated water management system and a three-tiered urban structure.Answer
  3. C
    Lothal was situated in inland Punjab and lacked access to maritime trade networks.
  4. D
    Harappa was located along the banks of the Narmada River in Peninsular India.

Answer

The statements confirming that Kalibangan provided evidence of a ploughed field and that Dholavira is characterized by its water management system and three-tiered structure are correct.
The statements concerning Kalibangan and Dholavira accurately describe landmark archaeological findings: Kalibangan yielded the earliest known ploughed field evidence, while Dholavira is celebrated for its sophisticated water harvesting reservoirs and tripartite city structure consisting of a Citadel, Middle Town, and Lower Town.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the statement regarding Kalibangan
True. Archaeological excavations at Kalibangan in Rajasthan revealed grid furrow marks from an early ploughed field.
This is a key diagnostic archaeological finding associated with Kalibangan.
2
Evaluate the statement regarding Dholavira
True. Dholavira in Gujarat is famous for its rock-cut reservoirs and tripartite urban planning.
Unlike standard twin-mound Harappan cities, Dholavira contains three distinct enclosed urban sectors.
3
Evaluate the statements regarding Lothal and Harappa
False. Lothal was a coastal port in Gujarat, and Harappa was located along the Ravi River.
Both statements misattribute the geographical locations and primary features of these sites.

Key Concept

Key features and geographical locations of Harappan archaeological sites
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Ancient Indian Civilizations and Early Empires

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