Question

Difficulty: MediumState Demographics, Tribes, and Human Development

In the context of state demographic analysis, tribal characteristics, and human development indicators, which of the following statements are correct?

  1. Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are identified based on criteria including pre-agricultural level of technology, stagnant or declining population, and extremely low literacy.Answer
  2. B
    In official demographic census data, the Child Sex Ratio (0–6 years) is defined as the number of male children per 1,000 female children in that age group.
  3. District-level human development studies demonstrate that higher female literacy strongly correlates with reduced total fertility rates and lower infant mortality rates.Answer
  4. D
    Highly urbanized districts consistently record higher child sex ratios compared to rural tribal-dominated districts across state demographics.

Answer

The correct statements are that Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are identified by pre-agricultural technology, low literacy, and stagnant/declining population, and that higher female literacy levels strongly correlate with reduced total fertility rates and improved child survival metrics.
The statements confirming the standard identification criteria for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) and the positive socio-demographic impact of female literacy on fertility and infant mortality are factually correct. PVTG criteria include stagnant population, pre-agricultural technology, and low literacy, while female literacy is a core pillar of state human development.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the statement regarding PVTG identification criteria.
The statement accurately reflects the four official criteria established by the Government of India for PVTG identification.
PVTGs are designated using specific socio-economic indicators including pre-agricultural technology, stagnant population, and low literacy.
2
Analyze the definition of Child Sex Ratio.
The statement incorrectly reverses the ratio formula.
Demographic standards measure sex ratio as the number of females per 1,000 males.
3
Assess the impact of female literacy on human development outcomes.
The statement is correct as per Human Development Reports.
Female literacy enhances health awareness, family planning adoption, and child nutrition.
4
Examine the demographic trends comparing urban districts and rural tribal belts.
The statement is incorrect.
Tribal societies traditionally show higher child sex ratios than urban industrial areas.

Key Concept

State Demographics and Tribal Human Development Metrics
Estimated Time:1m 30s
Rate this question