Examkin

Question

Difficulty: MediumExplicit and Fact-Based Information Extraction

Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:

In January 2025, the Ministry of Earth Sciences issued updated guidelines for the National Deep Ocean Mission (NDOM). Under the revised framework, deep-sea mining exploration is restricted strictly to ocean depths exceeding 3,000 meters within the Central Indian Ocean Basin. The mission mandates that all autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) deployed for polymetallic nodule surveys must be powered exclusively by indigenous battery technology by December 2026. Furthermore, private entities are permitted to participate in environmental impact assessments, provided they possess a minimum of five years of marine research experience. However, commercial extraction of minerals remains exclusive to state-owned public sector undertakings.

Based on the passage, which of the following statements are explicitly supported?

  1. Private entities with at least five years of marine research experience are eligible to participate in environmental impact assessments.Answer
  2. B
    Commercial extraction of minerals is open to both private entities and public sector undertakings under the updated guidelines.
  3. Deep-sea mining exploration under NDOM is confined to areas where ocean depths are greater than 3,000 meters in the Central Indian Ocean Basin.Answer
  4. D
    Autonomous underwater vehicles are prohibited from conducting surveys until indigenous battery technology is fully integrated.

Answer

The statements confirming the eligibility of private entities with five years of experience for environmental assessments and the restriction of mining exploration to depths exceeding 3,000 meters are explicitly supported by the text.
The statements asserting that private entities with five years of marine research experience can participate in environmental impact assessments and that exploration is restricted to depths exceeding 3,000 meters directly mirror explicit facts stated in the passage.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Scan the passage for specific details regarding private entity participation.
The passage explicitly allows private entities with at least five years of marine research experience to participate in environmental impact assessments.
Direct factual extraction confirms statement accuracy.
2
Check the commercial mineral extraction clause.
The text states that commercial extraction is exclusive to state-owned public sector undertakings, making the statement about open commercial extraction false.
Identifying explicit scope limiters avoids detail misreading.
3
Verify depth and geographical constraints for mining exploration.
The text explicitly specifies that exploration is restricted strictly to ocean depths exceeding 3,000 meters in the Central Indian Ocean Basin.
Matching explicit numerical and location facts confirms statement accuracy.
4
Evaluate the timeline condition for autonomous underwater vehicles.
The text sets a deadline of December 2026 for indigenous batteries rather than an immediate ban on surveys.
Differentiating an explicit future mandate from an immediate operational ban prevents invalid assumptions.

Key Concept

Explicit and Fact-Based Information Extraction
Rate this question

Topics

Explicit and Fact-Based Information Extraction

More questions from this topic