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Difficulty: EasyState Demographics, Tribes, and Human Development

Which of the following statements regarding state demographic metrics and Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are correct?

  1. Sex ratio in official census statistics is defined as the number of females per 1,000 males in a given population.Answer
  2. Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) are recognized based on criteria such as stagnant or declining population, pre-agricultural level of technology, and very low literacy.Answer
  3. C
    Urban industrial districts consistently maintain higher child sex ratios (0–6 years) than remote tribal districts.
  4. D
    Literacy rate calculations in census statistics include children under seven years of age if they are able to read and write basic sentences.

Answer

The correct statements are the standard definition of sex ratio (females per 1,000 males) and the official socio-economic criteria used to designate Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups.
The statement defining sex ratio as females per 1,000 males and the statement outlining PVTG criteria (declining population, low literacy, pre-agricultural technology) are both accurate.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the definition of sex ratio in demographic assessments.
Confirmed that sex ratio measures females per 1,000 males in census reporting.
This is the standard metric for gender balance in official Indian demographic surveys.
2
Examine the official identification criteria for Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
Confirmed that stagnant/declining population, low literacy, pre-agricultural technology, and subsistence economy define PVTGs.
These four parameters were set by government commissions to identify communities needing targeted tribal welfare focus.
3
Analyze regional variations in child sex ratio and census literacy age thresholds.
Identified that tribal areas generally post higher child sex ratios than urban districts, and census literacy rules strictly exclude children under 7 years.
Both distractor statements contradict established census methodology and empirical demographic findings.

Key Concept

State Demographics and Tribal Identification Criteria
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Topics

State Demographics, Tribes, and Human Development

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