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Question

Difficulty: EasyMain Idea and Central Theme Identification

Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:

The industrialisation of modern agriculture during the late twentieth century prioritized high-yielding crop monocultures to meet rapid demographic expansion and food demand. However, this focus on yield optimization has inadvertently catalyzed a severe erosion of global agro-biodiversity, rendering national crop systems increasingly vulnerable to sudden climate-induced shocks, soil degradation, and pest outbreaks. Traditional heritage grains, long cultivated and preserved by indigenous agrarian communities, possess intrinsic genetic resilience against extreme weather fluctuations and environmental stresses. Beyond their purely ecological utility, these indigenous crop varieties constitute a vital repository of localized agricultural knowledge, community identity, and nutritional diversity. Re-integrating heritage grains into mainstream public food distribution frameworks and state-sponsored agrarian subsidies offers a viable pathway toward long-term agricultural sustainability. Crucially, effective administrative interventions must extend beyond passive conservation in institutional seed banks to actively establishing robust market linkages and financial incentives for smallholder farmers who cultivate these resilient crops. Ultimately, achieving systemic food security requires policy frameworks that bridge the gap between high-volume commercial agricultural production and the ecological durability offered by traditional agro-biodiversity.

Which of the following statements best reflects the central theme of the passage?

  1. Ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability requires policy interventions that integrate ecologically resilient traditional crops into active economic and public distribution frameworks.Answer
  2. B
    Preserving traditional heritage grains exclusively inside institutional seed banks is sufficient to protect regional biodiversity from climate threats.
  3. C
    Modern commercial monocultures have failed completely and should be entirely replaced by ancient subsistence farming practices.
  4. D
    Genetic modification of crops is the primary technological mechanism required to prevent soil degradation and food shortages.

Answer

Ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability requires policy interventions that integrate ecologically resilient traditional crops into active economic and public distribution frameworks.
The author argues that while modern agriculture fulfills volume demands, it harms agro-biodiversity. The central conclusion is that achieving long-term food security requires actively incorporating traditional, climate-resilient heritage crops into public distribution networks, subsidies, and market structures alongside modern production methods.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the core subject and problem stated in the text.
The passage highlights how modern crop monocultures cause severe loss of agro-biodiversity, leading to ecological vulnerability.
Establishing the central problem helps isolate the solution advocated by the author.
2
Analyze the proposed solution and main thesis presented by the author.
The author asserts that re-integrating traditional heritage grains into public distribution and market incentives provides a sustainable path forward.
The central theme reflects the principal thesis bridging commercial production demands with traditional ecological durability.
3
Evaluate the options against the primary thesis while eliminating distractors.
The statement emphasizing policy integration of resilient traditional crops into active economic and distribution systems accurately captures the central message.
Distractors either misread factual details, misjudge the author's tone, or introduce outside concepts not supported by the text.

Key Concept

Main Idea and Central Theme Identification
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Topics

Main Idea and Central Theme Identification

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