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Difficulty: MediumGandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

With reference to the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928 during the Gandhian era of mass movements, consider the following statements:

1. The movement was launched in response to an arbitrary thirty percent increase in land revenue assessment imposed by the colonial government.
2. Vallabhbhai Patel organized the satyagraha and was conferred the title of 'Sardar' by the local women in recognition of his leadership.
3. The official Broomfield-Maxwell Committee appointed after the agitation recommended drastically reducing the land revenue enhancement to approximately six percent.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. B
    2 and 3 only
  3. C
    1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3Answer

Answer

All three statements (1, 2, and 3) are correct.
All three statements accurately reflect the history of the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928. The movement began over an unjust 30% land revenue hike, was successfully spearheaded by Vallabhbhai Patel (who was given the title 'Sardar' by local women), and concluded with the Broomfield-Maxwell Committee reducing the tax increase to 6.03%.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding the cause of the Bardoli Satyagraha
Statement 1 is correct.
In 1926, the Bombay Presidency government raised land revenue in Bardoli taluka by 30%. Despite public protests, the revision was enforced, prompting peasants to initiate non-payment of taxes under Gandhian principles.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding leadership and the title 'Sardar'
Statement 2 is correct.
Vallabhbhai Patel led the organized resistance, setting up 13 Chhavanis (worker camps). Impressed by his leadership and firmness, the women of Bardoli referred to him as 'Sardar' (Leader), a title endorsed by Mahatma Gandhi.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding the government inquiry committee and outcome
Statement 3 is correct.
Faced with widespread non-cooperation and resignation of local officials, the British government appointed the Broomfield-Maxwell Committee to re-examine the assessment. The committee found the original enhancement unjustified and recommended reducing it from 30% to 6.03%.

Key Concept

Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) and peasant mobilization techniques during the Gandhian Era
Estimated Time:1m 15s
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Topics

Gandhian Era and Major Mass Movements

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