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Difficulty: EasyRenewable Energy and Clean Technologies

Which of the following statements regarding clean and renewable energy technologies are correct?

  1. Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis using renewable electricity.Answer
  2. Biogas generated through anaerobic digestion of organic matter consists primarily of methane and carbon dioxide.Answer
  3. C
    Solar photovoltaic cells convert incident sunlight into electricity via thermodynamic steam turbine expansion.
  4. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of moving air into mechanical energy and subsequently into electrical energy using a generator.Answer

Answer

The correct statements are those describing green hydrogen electrolysis, biogas composition from anaerobic digestion, and wind turbine kinetic-to-electrical energy conversion.
Green hydrogen production, biogas composition, and wind power energy transformation are all accurately described based on established renewable energy physics and clean technology principles.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate the statement on green hydrogen production.
Green hydrogen production relies entirely on splitting water (H2O→H2+12O2H_2O \rightarrow H_2 + \frac{1}{2}O_2) via electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources, making it a zero-emission fuel.
This statement accurately reflects the definition and clean technology pathway of green hydrogen.
2
Evaluate the statement on biogas composition.
Biogas produced by microbial breakdown of organic waste in an anaerobic environment is primarily composed of methane (CH4CH_4) and carbon dioxide (CO2CO_2).
This statement correctly describes the biochemical process and resulting gaseous mixture.
3
Evaluate the statement on solar photovoltaic mechanism.
Solar PV modules generate direct electrical current directly from sunlight photons interacting with semiconductor materials (pp-nn junctions), avoiding thermal or steam turbine stages.
Confusing PV direct conversion with solar thermal thermodynamic turbine systems is a common technical misconception.
4
Evaluate the statement on wind turbine energy conversion.
Wind turbines extract kinetic energy from moving air masses, transforming it to rotational mechanical energy and then to electrical power via magnetic induction.
This statement correctly states the fundamental energy transformation chain of wind power technology.

Key Concept

Operating Principles of Key Renewable Energy and Clean Technologies
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Topics

Renewable Energy and Clean Technologies

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