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Difficulty: HardDrainage System and Water Resources of India

Consider the following statements regarding the physical geography and tributary structure of the Mahanadi River basin:

1. The river originates near Sihawa in the Raipur district of Chhattisgarh and flows through Odisha to discharge its water into the Bay of Bengal.
2. Seonath, Hasdeo, and Mand are its major right-bank tributaries, whereas Tel and Ong are its major left-bank tributaries.
3. Fifty-three percent of the drainage basin of this river lies in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, while forty-seven percent lies in Odisha.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A
    1 and 2 only
  2. 1 and 3 onlyAnswer
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

Statements 1 and 3 are correct, making the option stating '1 and 3 only' the correct choice.
Statements 1 and 3 are factually accurate. The Mahanadi rises in the highlands of Chhattisgarh near Sihawa, flows through Odisha, and discharges into the Bay of Bengal. Its drainage basin is distributed such that 53% falls in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, and 47% falls in Odisha. Statement 2 is false because Seonath, Hasdeo, and Mand are left-bank tributaries, whereas Tel and Ong are right-bank tributaries.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding the origin and course of the Mahanadi River.
The Mahanadi originates near Sihawa in the Raipur district of Chhattisgarh, flows through Chhattisgarh and Odisha, and drains into the Bay of Bengal.
Statement 1 is geographically accurate.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding bank orientations of its tributaries.
Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, and Ib join the Mahanadi from its left bank, while Ong, Tel, and Jonk join from its right bank. Statement 2 reverses these orientations.
Statement 2 is incorrect due to directional misattribution of tributaries.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding the basin area distribution across Indian states.
Fifty-three percent of the Mahanadi basin lies in Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, and forty-seven percent lies in Odisha (with minor extensions in Jharkhand and Maharashtra).
Statement 3 accurately reflects standard Indian hydrological data.

Key Concept

Mahanadi River Basin Hydrology and Tributary Classification
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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Topics

Drainage System and Water Resources of India

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