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Difficulty: MediumDemography, Population, and Human Settlements in India

In human geography and demographic studies, different density measures and demographic metrics provide insights into land pressure and age dependency. Match the demographic metrics listed in List-I with their corresponding definitions in List-II:

  • Arithmetic DensityRatio of total population to the total geographical area
  • Physiological DensityRatio of total population to the net cultivated (arable) land area
  • Agricultural DensityRatio of agricultural population to the net cultivated land area
  • Dependency RatioRatio of dependent age group (under 15 and 65+) to working-age population (15–64 years)

Answer

Arithmetic Density matches with the ratio of total population to total geographical area; Physiological Density matches with the ratio of total population to net cultivated land area; Agricultural Density matches with the ratio of agricultural population to net cultivated land area; and Dependency Ratio matches with the ratio of dependent age group to working-age population.
Arithmetic Density measures total population over total land area. Physiological Density measures total population against net cultivated land to assess pressure on arable resources. Agricultural Density isolates the farming population over cultivated land. Dependency Ratio measures the proportion of dependents relative to the active workforce.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Identify the basic land-to-population metric.
Arithmetic Density is total population divided by total geographical area.
It represents the standard measure of population density across all land.
2
Distinguish between physiological density and agricultural density.
Physiological density uses total population as the numerator over net cultivated land, whereas agricultural density uses agricultural population as the numerator over net cultivated land.
Physiological density indicates general population pressure on arable land, while agricultural density shows farming population density on cultivated land.
3
Identify the age-structure indicator.
Dependency Ratio relates the dependent population (below 15 years and 65 years & above) to the working-age population (15 to 64 years).
It reflects the demographic burden borne by the productive labor force.

Key Concept

Population density metrics and demographic ratios
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Topics

Demography, Population, and Human Settlements in India

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