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Difficulty: HardEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Sustainable Development

With reference to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 2006 in India, consider the following statements:

1. Category 'A' projects require mandatory environmental clearance at the central level by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) based on recommendations of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC).
2. Category 'B1' projects are appraised at the state level by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) and undergo mandatory Environmental Impact Assessment and public consultation.
3. Category 'B2' projects are strictly required to conduct a public hearing and submit a detailed Environmental Impact Assessment report prior to clearance.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 onlyAnswer
  2. B
    1 and 3 only
  3. C
    2 and 3 only
  4. D
    1, 2 and 3

Answer

The correct option is 1 and 2 only.
Category 'A' projects are cleared at the national level by MoEFCC on the advice of the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC). Category 'B' projects are handled at the state level by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). Category 'B1' requires a full EIA study and public consultation, whereas Category 'B2' projects are exempted from both EIA preparation and public consultation. Therefore, statements 1 and 2 are correct, while statement 3 is false.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement 1 regarding Category 'A' projects
Category 'A' projects have potential significant impacts and require prior environmental clearance from MoEFCC based on Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) recommendations.
Statement 1 is correct per the EIA Notification, 2006 framework.
2
Evaluate Statement 2 regarding Category 'B1' projects
Category 'B' projects are divided into B1 and B2. Category B1 projects require a full EIA process, including public consultation, and are appraised at the state level by the State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) and cleared by the SEIAA.
Statement 2 is correct.
3
Evaluate Statement 3 regarding Category 'B2' projects
Category B2 projects are explicitly exempted from the requirement of a detailed EIA report and public hearing/consultation process. They are appraised directly based on standard Form 1/Form 1A submissions.
Statement 3 is incorrect.

Key Concept

Categorization and clearance procedures under the EIA Notification, 2006 (Category A vs. Category B1 and B2).
Estimated Time:1m 30s
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Topics

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Sustainable Development

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