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Difficulty: Very hardChemistry in Daily Life and Industrial Applications

Match the chemical compounds and industrial materials in List-I with their corresponding primary application or functional property in List-II:

  • Calcium Carbide (CaC2CaC_2)Generates acetylene gas upon reaction with moisture, utilized for artificial fruit ripening
  • Sodium Benzoate (C6H5COONaC_6H_5COONa)Functions as an antimicrobial chemical preservative operating effectively in acidic food products
  • Superphosphate of LimeWater-soluble phosphatic fertilizer manufactured by digesting rock phosphate with sulfuric acid
  • Bakelite PolymerThermosetting synthetic resin formed via phenol-formaldehyde condensation, used in heat-resistant electrical switches

Answer

Calcium Carbide matches with artificial fruit ripening via moisture-triggered acetylene generation; Sodium Benzoate matches with food preservation in acidic environments; Superphosphate of Lime matches with water-soluble phosphatic fertilizer production via sulfuric acid treatment of rock phosphate; and Bakelite Polymer matches with thermosetting resin used for electrical insulation and cookware handles.
Each compound is accurately matched with its primary chemical role: Calcium Carbide releases acetylene for fruit ripening; Sodium Benzoate serves as an acidic food preservative; Superphosphate of Lime provides water-soluble phosphorus for crops; and Bakelite provides heat-resistant electrical insulation as a thermosetting plastic.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the chemical reactivity and practical use of Calcium Carbide (CaC2CaC_2).
Calcium carbide undergoes hydrolysis upon contact with water to produce acetylene gas (C2H2C_2H_2) according to the reaction: CaC2+2H2O→Ca(OH)2+C2H2CaC_2 + 2H_2O \rightarrow Ca(OH)_2 + C_2H_2.
Acetylene gas acts as an analogue to ethylene, inducing artificial ripening in fruits like mangoes and bananas.
2
Determine the mode of action of Sodium Benzoate (C6H5COONaC_6H_5COONa).
In acidic media (such as fruit juices and carbonated beverages), sodium benzoate converts into undissociated benzoic acid.
The undissociated acid readily diffuses across microbial cell walls to disrupt glucose fermentation, acting as an effective preservative.
3
Evaluate the industrial synthesis of Superphosphate of Lime fertilizer.
Insoluble calcium phosphate mineral in rock phosphate is treated with sulfuric acid: Ca3(PO4)2+2H2SO4→Ca(H2PO4)2+2CaSO4Ca_3(PO_4)_2 + 2H_2SO_4 \rightarrow Ca(H_2PO_4)_2 + 2CaSO_4.
The resulting monocalcium phosphate is water-soluble, allowing plant roots to readily absorb bioavailable phosphate nutrients.
4
Identify the polymer structure and physical properties of Bakelite.
Bakelite is produced by step-growth condensation polymerization of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid or base catalyst.
Extensive 3D covalent cross-linking makes Bakelite a thermosetting plastic that does not melt upon heating, making it suitable for electrical switches and appliance handles.

Key Concept

Chemical compounds in daily life and industrial applications
Estimated Time:2m 0s
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Topics

Chemistry in Daily Life and Industrial Applications

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