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Difficulty: HardNational Environmental Legislation, Acts and Policies in India

Consider the following statements regarding statutory bodies and institutional frameworks under environmental legislation in India:

Statement I: The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) is a statutory body constituted under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
Statement II: The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) is a statutory autonomous body established under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, with its headquarters located in Chennai.
Statement III: Under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016, the National Compensatory Afforestation Fund receives 90% of the funds collected, while the State Compensatory Afforestation Funds receive the remaining 10%.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Statement II onlyAnswer
  2. B
    Statement I and Statement II only
  3. C
    Statement II and Statement III only
  4. D
    Statement I, Statement II and Statement III

Answer

Statement II only is correct.
Statement II is factually correct as the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was set up in 2003 under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 with headquarters in Chennai. Statement I is incorrect because GEAC functions under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Statement III is incorrect because the State Compensatory Afforestation Funds receive 90% of the collected funds, while the National Fund receives only 10%.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Evaluate Statement I regarding the statutory origin of GEAC.
Statement I is incorrect.
The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) was established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (specifically under the Rules for the Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells, 1989), not under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
2
Evaluate Statement II regarding the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA).
Statement II is correct.
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) was established in 2003 as a statutory autonomous body to implement the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, and its head office is situated in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
3
Evaluate Statement III regarding the fund allocation under the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.
Statement III is incorrect.
According to the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016, 90% of the funds collected are transferred to the State Compensatory Afforestation Fund (State CAMPA), while only 10% are retained in the National Compensatory Afforestation Fund (National CAMPA).

Key Concept

Statutory Bodies and Financial Provisions under Indian Environmental Acts (EPA 1986, Biological Diversity Act 2002, CAMPA Act 2016)
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Topics

National Environmental Legislation, Acts and Policies in India