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Difficulty: MediumDemography, Population, and Human Settlements in India

In the demographic study of population mobility in India, internal migration is classified into four intra-state and inter-state streams based on origin and destination. According to the Census of India, which migration stream accounts for the largest overall volume of internal migrants, predominantly driven by female movement due to post-marital residence change?

  1. Rural to Rural streamAnswer
  2. B
    Rural to Urban stream
  3. C
    Urban to Urban stream
  4. D
    Urban to Rural stream

Answer

Rural to Rural stream
The correct option correctly identifies the Rural to Rural stream. According to Census data in India, internal migration is heavily dominated by female movement associated with marriage. Because the vast majority of the Indian population resides in rural areas, short-distance village-to-village relocation following marriage makes the Rural to Rural stream the single largest category of internal migration in the country.

Step-by-Step Solution

1
Analyze the four census streams of internal migration in India
Internal migration is divided into: Rural to Rural, Rural to Urban, Urban to Urban, and Urban to Rural.
Understanding stream volumes requires evaluating migration drivers across gender and spatial boundaries.
2
Identify the primary driver of high-volume female migration in India
Marriage is the single main cause for female migration in India, leading to exogamous rural-to-rural movement.
In Indian society, patrilocal post-marital residence rules cause widespread short-distance movement of women from their natal rural homes to their husbands' rural homes.
3
Determine the dominant stream in terms of total migrant numbers
The Rural to Rural stream accounts for over half of total internal migrants, making it the largest stream overall.
Although male economic migration heavily fuels the Rural to Urban stream, total numerical volume across the country is dominated by female marriage-related Rural to Rural migration.

Key Concept

Streams and Determinants of Internal Migration in India
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Topics

Demography, Population, and Human Settlements in India

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