General Mental Ability Practice Questions — State PSC Exam — Page 10

Question 181Question →

In a standardized coding system:
1. Each consonant in a word is replaced by the letter that is $N$ positions ahead of it in the English alphabetical order, where $N$ is the total count of vowels present in that specific word.
2. Each vowel is replaced by its reverse alphabetical counterpart (where $A \leftrightarrow Z$ , $B \leftrightarrow Y$ , etc.), and then shifted backward by $3$ positions in the English alphabet.
3. Finally, the sequence of letters obtained is written in reverse order.

If the word PRACTICE is coded as SFOFWUS using this rule, what is the code for the word DIPLOMAT?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: WWPIOSOG; W W P I O S O G; wwpiosog

Answer

WWPIOSOG

The correct answer is obtained by first identifying that DIPLOMAT contains 3 vowels (I, O, A), making

N = 3

. Each consonant is shifted forward by 3 positions (D

\rightarrow

G, P

\rightarrow

S, L

\rightarrow

O, M

\rightarrow

P, T

\rightarrow

W). Each vowel is mapped to its reverse letter and then shifted back 3 places (I

\rightarrow

R

\rightarrow

O, O

\rightarrow

L

\rightarrow

I, A

\rightarrow

Z

\rightarrow

W). Combining these gives GOSOI PWW, which when reversed yields WWPIOSOG.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Count the number of vowels in the target word DIPLOMAT to determine the consonant shift parameter

N

.

The vowels in DIPLOMAT are I, O, and A. The total number of vowels is

N = 3

.

Rule 1 requires shifting consonants forward by the number of vowels in the word.

2

Apply Rule 1 to all consonants in DIPLOMAT by shifting each forward by

3

positions.

D

\rightarrow

G, P

\rightarrow

S, L

\rightarrow

O, M

\rightarrow

P, T

\rightarrow

W.

Consonants shift forward by

N=3

positions in alphabetical order.

3

Apply Rule 2 to all vowels in DIPLOMAT by finding their reverse alphabetical counterpart and shifting backward by

3

positions.

I (opposite R)

\rightarrow

R - 3 = O; O (opposite L)

\rightarrow

L - 3 = I; A (opposite Z)

\rightarrow

Z - 3 = W.

Vowels undergo reverse alphabetical substitution followed by a 3-position backward shift.

4

Assemble the transformed letters in original sequential order and reverse the entire string.

Forward order: G O S O I P W W. Reversed string: W W P I O S O G.

Rule 3 dictates reversing the entire transformed character sequence.

Key Concept

Multi-rule Alphanumeric Transformation and Positional Reversal

Estimated Time:2m 30s

Question 182Question →

Consider the following alphanumeric sequence:

W7, T14, P26, K45, E73, \dots

Which of the following options logically completes the sequence?

X112

Y112

X110

Y108

Show answer & explanation

Answer: $X112$

Answer

The correct option is

X112

, obtained by shifting the letter term backwards by 7 positions (E to X) and adding 39 to the previous numerical term (73 + 39 = 112) based on the double-difference pattern.

The correct answer is

X112

. The letter pattern subtracts increasing integer steps (-3, -4, -5, -6, -7), where E (5) minus 7 wraps to X (24). The numerical pattern relies on a double difference of consecutive odd numbers (+5, +7, +9, +11), adding 39 to 73 to yield 112.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the letter progression pattern.

Alphabetical positions: W(23), T(20), P(16), K(11), E(5). The differences are -3, -4, -5, -6. The next shift must be -7.

The step size subtracted from the letter positions increases by 1 at each step.

2

Calculate the next letter term.

Subtracting 7 steps backwards from E (5):

5 - 7 = -2 \equiv 24 \pmod{26}

, which corresponds to the 24th letter, X.

Cyclic alphabetical wrapping applies when counting backwards past A.

3

Analyze the numerical progression using first and second differences.

First differences:

14 - 7 = 7

,

26 - 14 = 12

,

45 - 26 = 19

,

73 - 45 = 28

. Second differences:

12 - 7 = 5

,

19 - 12 = 7

,

28 - 19 = 9

.

The second differences form a sequence of consecutive odd numbers (+5, +7, +9).

4

Compute the next numerical term.

The next second difference is

+11

. Thus, the next first difference is

28 + 11 = 39

. Adding this to the last term yields

73 + 39 = 112

.

Extrapolating the double-difference pattern determines the missing number.

Key Concept

Alphanumeric series completion with variable reverse positional letter shifts and double-difference numerical patterns

Question 183Question →

Complete the given numerical series by identifying the term that logically follows.

Fill in the blanks below

In the numerical sequence

3, 7, 11, 15, 19, \dots

, the term that completes the blank is .

Show answer & explanation

Answer

The next term in the sequence is 23.

Each consecutive term in the given series increases by a fixed constant of

4

(

3 + 4 = 7

,

7 + 4 = 11

,

11 + 4 = 15

,

15 + 4 = 19

). Adding

4

to

19

gives the correct term,

23

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Find the difference between consecutive terms in the sequence.

7 - 3 = 4

,

11 - 7 = 4

,

15 - 11 = 4

, and

19 - 15 = 4

.

Determining the common difference helps uncover the underlying arithmetic rule of the sequence.

2

Add the constant difference of 4 to the last term given (

19

).

19 + 4 = 23

.

Applying the identified rule (+4) yields the logical next term of the series.

Key Concept

Arithmetic Number Series with Constant Difference

Estimated Time:30s

Question 184Question →

In a certain code language, the word 'CRAFT' is coded as 'UGZSD' and the word 'BELONG' is coded as 'IPLNVD'. Based on the same logic, which of the following represents the correct code for the word 'TRUMPET'?

VVROFTV

VTFORVV

VEROUTV

UVQNFSU

Show answer & explanation

Answer: VVROFTV

Answer

VVROFTV

The correct answer 'VVROFTV' is obtained by recognizing that 'TRUMPET' contains

2

vowels ('U' and 'E'). Each consonant (T, R, M, P, T) is shifted forward by

+2

positions, while each vowel is replaced by its reverse alphabetical counterpart (U

\rightarrow

F, E

\rightarrow

V), resulting in 'VTFORVV'. Reversing this string produces 'VVROFTV'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the coding rules using the given examples 'CRAFT' and 'BELONG'

Rule 1: Count the number of vowels in the given word (e.g., 'CRAFT' has

1

vowel; 'BELONG' has

2

vowels).
Rule 2: Each consonant is shifted forward in the English alphabet by

N

positions, where

N

is the total count of vowels in that word.
Rule 3: Each vowel is replaced by its reverse alphabetical letter (where

A \leftrightarrow Z

,

B \leftrightarrow Y

, etc., such that reverse position =

27 - \text{forward position}

).
Rule 4: The transformed sequence of letters is reversed from back to front.

Establishing the precise multi-step rule set explains both sample transformations.

2

Count vowels in the target word 'TRUMPET'

The word 'TRUMPET' contains

2

vowels ('U' and 'E'). Thus, for all consonants,

N = 2

.

Determines the exact shift value needed for consonant transformations.

3

Apply transformations to each letter of 'TRUMPET'

• T (Consonant):

20 + 2 = 22 \rightarrow V

• R (Consonant):

18 + 2 = 20 \rightarrow T

• U (Vowel):

27 - 21 = 6 \rightarrow F

• M (Consonant):

13 + 2 = 15 \rightarrow O

• P (Consonant):

16 + 2 = 18 \rightarrow R

• E (Vowel):

27 - 5 = 22 \rightarrow V

• T (Consonant):

20 + 2 = 22 \rightarrow V

Transformed string: VTFORVV

Executes positional shifts for consonants and reverse indexing for vowels.

4

Reverse the transformed letter string

Reversing 'VTFORVV' yields 'VVROFTV'.

Completes the final step of the coding algorithm.

Key Concept

Multi-Rule Alphanumeric and Reverse Alphabetical Coding

Question 185Question →

In a certain code system, words are transformed according to the following rules:
1. Every vowel is replaced by its reverse alphabetical counterpart (where $A \leftrightarrow Z$ , $E \leftrightarrow V$ , $I \leftrightarrow R$ , $O \leftrightarrow L$ , $U \leftrightarrow F$ , such that the sum of the positional values of the original and transformed letter is $27$ ).
2. Every consonant located at an odd-numbered position in the word (1st, 3rd, 5th...) is replaced by the letter $3$ steps ahead of it in the alphabetical series ( $+3$ ).
3. Every consonant located at an even-numbered position in the word (2nd, 4th, 6th...) is replaced by the letter $2$ steps behind it in the alphabetical series ( $-2$ ).

If the word 'TRIANGLE' is coded as 'WPRZQEOV', which of the following represents the correct code for the word 'SOLUTION' in this language?

VLOFWRLL

VLOFWRLQ

QLJFRRLL

VKOEWQKL

Show answer & explanation

Answer: VLOFWRLL

Answer

The correct code for the word 'SOLUTION' is 'VLOFWRLL'.

The correct code 'VLOFWRLL' is obtained by applying the specified rules systematically: 'S' (1st letter, consonant at odd position) becomes 'V' (

+3

); 'O' (2nd letter, vowel) becomes its reverse letter 'L' (

27-15=12

); 'L' (3rd letter, consonant at odd position) becomes 'O' (

+3

); 'U' (4th letter, vowel) becomes its reverse letter 'F' (

27-21=6

); 'T' (5th letter, consonant at odd position) becomes 'W' (

+3

); 'I' (6th letter, vowel) becomes its reverse letter 'R' (

27-9=18

); 'O' (7th letter, vowel) becomes its reverse letter 'L' (

27-15=12

); and 'N' (8th letter, consonant at even position) becomes 'L' (

-2

).

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the rule verification on the example word 'TRIANGLE'

Position 1 (T, Consonant, Odd)

\rightarrow T+3 = W

; Position 2 (R, Consonant, Even)

\rightarrow R-2 = P

; Position 3 (I, Vowel)

\rightarrow 27-9 = 18 (R)

; Position 4 (A, Vowel)

\rightarrow 27-1 = 26 (Z)

; Position 5 (N, Consonant, Odd)

\rightarrow N+3 = Q

; Position 6 (G, Consonant, Even)

\rightarrow G-2 = E

; Position 7 (L, Consonant, Odd)

\rightarrow L+3 = O

; Position 8 (E, Vowel)

\rightarrow 27-5 = 22 (V)

. Output: 'WPRZQEOV'.

Confirms that the three-part rule set applies strictly by letter type and 1-indexed letter position.

2

Apply rules to the target word 'SOLUTION' letter by letter

1st letter 'S' (Odd pos, Consonant):

S (19) + 3 = 22 (V)

.
2nd letter 'O' (Vowel): Reverse of

O (15)

is

27 - 15 = 12 (L)

.
3rd letter 'L' (Odd pos, Consonant):

L (12) + 3 = 15 (O)

.
4th letter 'U' (Vowel): Reverse of

U (21)

is

27 - 21 = 6 (F)

.
5th letter 'T' (Odd pos, Consonant):

T (20) + 3 = 23 (W)

.
6th letter 'I' (Vowel): Reverse of

I (9)

is

27 - 9 = 18 (R)

.
7th letter 'O' (Vowel): Reverse of

O (15)

is

27 - 15 = 12 (L)

.
8th letter 'N' (Even pos, Consonant):

N (14) - 2 = 12 (L)

.

Evaluates each character in 'SOLUTION' according to its specific classification and position.

3

Combine transformed letters to get final coded string

'VLOFWRLL'

Concatenates individual output characters into the complete coded string.

Key Concept

Multi-rule positional letter shifting combined with reverse alphabetical indexing (

27 - n

rule).

Question 186Question →

In a certain code system, words are transformed according to the following rules based on letter positions indexed $1, 2, 3, \dots, n$ from left to right:
1. Letters at odd position indices ( $1, 3, 5, \dots$ ) are replaced by their reverse alphabetical counterparts (where $A \leftrightarrow Z$ , $B \leftrightarrow Y$ , $C \leftrightarrow X$ , etc.).
2. Letters at even position indices ( $2, 4, 6, \dots$ ) are replaced by the letter shifted forward in the English alphabet by a number of positions equal to their 1-based index (wrapping around from $Z$ to $A$ if necessary).

Based on these rules, what is the correct code for the word 'JOURNEY'?

QQFVMKB

KQXVSKF

PQEVLKA

KLXISVF

Show answer & explanation

Answer: QQFVMKB

Answer

QQFVMKB

The correct answer 'QQFVMKB' is obtained by applying the two positional rules step-by-step: at odd positions (1, 3, 5, 7), the reverse alphabetical positions (

27 - \text{rank}

) yield Q, F, M, and B respectively. At even positions (2, 4, 6), adding the letter's 1-based index to its rank gives Q (15 + 2 = 17), V (18 + 4 = 22), and K (5 + 6 = 11). Combining these yields 'QQFVMKB'.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Identify the 1-based position index and standard alphabetical rank of each letter in 'JOURNEY'

J (pos 1, rank 10), O (pos 2, rank 15), U (pos 3, rank 21), R (pos 4, rank 18), N (pos 5, rank 14), E (pos 6, rank 5), Y (pos 7, rank 25).

Establishing letter positions and numerical ranks is required before applying positional transformation rules.

2

Apply reverse alphabetical substitution (

27 - \text{rank}

) to letters at odd positions (1, 3, 5, 7)

Position 1:

27 - 10 = 17 \rightarrow \text{Q}

; Position 3:

27 - 21 = 6 \rightarrow \text{F}

; Position 5:

27 - 14 = 13 \rightarrow \text{M}

; Position 7:

27 - 25 = 2 \rightarrow \text{B}

.

Letters at odd position indices must be replaced by their reverse counterparts.

3

Apply forward shift by position index

(\text{rank} + \text{index})

to letters at even positions (2, 4, 6)

Position 2:

15 + 2 = 17 \rightarrow \text{Q}

; Position 4:

18 + 4 = 22 \rightarrow \text{V}

; Position 6:

5 + 6 = 11 \rightarrow \text{K}

.

Letters at even position indices are shifted forward by their respective 1-based index.

4

Combine the transformed letters in order from position 1 to 7

The encoded string is QQFVMKB.

Assembling the results from all letter positions yields the complete final code.

Key Concept

Positional Hybrid Coding (Reverse Indexing combined with Index-Based Forward Shift)

Estimated Time:1m 30s

Question 187Question →

If $P \times Q$ means ' $P$ is the father of $Q$ ', $P + Q$ means ' $P$ is the sister of $Q$ ', and $P - Q$ means ' $P$ is the mother of $Q$ ', how is $A$ related to $C$ in the expression $A + B \times C$ ?

Aunt

Uncle

Mother

Niece

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Aunt

Answer

Aunt

The expression

A + B \times C

breaks down into two steps:

A + B

means

A

is the sister of

B

, and

B \times C

means

B

is the father of

C

. Because

A

is the sister of

C

's father,

A

is

C

's aunt.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Decode the first relation

A + B

A

is the sister of

B

, which establishes that

A

is female.

The symbol

+

represents the 'sister of' relationship.

2

Decode the second relation

B \times C

B

is the father of

C

.

The symbol

\times

represents the 'father of' relationship.

3

Combine the relations to deduce the relation of

A

to

C

A

is the sister of

C

's father (

B

), which means

A

is the aunt of

C

.

A father's sister is defined as a paternal aunt.

Key Concept

Coded Blood Relations

Question 188Question →

In a certain code, if the word BLOCK is written as CMPDL, what is the code for the word TRAIN?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: USBJO; usbjo

Answer

USBJO

Each letter in the word is shifted forward by 1 position in the English alphabet (+1 rule). Applying this pattern to TRAIN yields USBJO.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the rule used to transform BLOCK into CMPDL.

Each letter in BLOCK is replaced by its immediate next letter in the alphabetical order (+1 position shift): B → C, L → M, O → P, C → D, K → L.

Determining the pattern is necessary to encode new words.

2

Apply the same +1 shift rule to each letter of TRAIN.

T → U, R → S, A → B, I → J, N → O.

Applying the identified pattern consistently yields the correct encoded string.

Key Concept

Forward Letter Shifting (+1 Pattern)

Question 189Question →

Read the following coded relationship symbols carefully:
- $A \div B$ means ' $A$ is the mother of $B$ '
- $A + B$ means ' $A$ is the father of $B$ '
- $A - B$ means ' $A$ is the sister of $B$ '
- $A \times B$ means ' $A$ is the brother of $B$ '

Based on the expression $M \div N + O - P \times Q$ , how is $Q$ related to $M$ ?

Grandson

Granddaughter

Cannot be determined

Son

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Cannot be determined

Answer

Cannot be determined

Decoding the expression shows that M is the mother of N, N is the father of O, and O, P, and Q are siblings. This places Q as the grandchild of M. However, no relation symbol defines the gender of Q (whether Q is male or female). Therefore, Q could be a grandson or a granddaughter, making the exact relationship impossible to determine.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the first operation

M \div N

M

is the mother of

N

(Female, 1st Generation).

The symbol

\div

specifies a mother-child relationship.

2

Analyze the second operation

N + O

N

is the father of

O

(Male, 2nd Generation).

The symbol

+

specifies a father-child relationship, making

M

the paternal grandmother of

O

.

3

Analyze the remaining operations

O - P \times Q

O

is the sister of

P

, and

P

is the brother of

Q

. Thus,

O

,

P

, and

Q

are siblings whose father is

N

.

The symbols

-

and

\times

define sibling relations within the same generation.

4

Determine the relationship and gender of

Q

Q

is a grandchild of

M

, but

Q

's gender is not stated.

In

P \times Q

,

P

is defined as the brother of

Q

, which establishes

P

's gender as male but leaves

Q

's gender unstated (could be male or female).

Key Concept

Coded Blood Relations and Gender Ambiguity

Estimated Time:1m 15s

Question 190Question →

In a certain code language, if the word "SMART" is written as "UOCTV", how is the word "LIGHT" written in that same code language?

NKIJV

MJHIU

JGEFR

OLJKW

Show answer & explanation

Answer: NKIJV

Answer

The word "LIGHT" is coded as "NKIJV".

Each letter of the original word is shifted forward by 2 positions in the English alphabet: L becomes N, I becomes K, G becomes I, H becomes J, and T becomes V. Combining these gives "NKIJV".

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the pattern from the given example pair "SMART" -> "UOCTV".

S (+2) -> U, M (+2) -> O, A (+2) -> C, R (+2) -> T, T (+2) -> V. The rule is adding 2 positions to each letter (+2 alphabetical shift).

Establishing the positional shift rule between corresponding letters.

2

Apply the identical +2 shift rule to each letter of the target word "LIGHT".

L (+2) -> N; I (+2) -> K; G (+2) -> I; H (+2) -> J; T (+2) -> V.

Executing the established shift logic to code the new word.

3

Combine the transformed letters.

The final coded word is "NKIJV".

Formulating the complete answer string.

Key Concept

Forward Positional Letter Coding

Question 191Question →

Match each original word in List-I with its correctly coded representation in List-II based on the logical transformation rules applied.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

PATIENT matches SZWRQVW; HARVEST matches JZTEGHV; DOMAINS matches NPE1TOJ; CLIMAX matches HNEZZO.

Each word follows a specific multi-step transformation rule: PATIENT applies vowel replacement by reverse alphabet and

+3

shift to consonants; HARVEST applies

+2

shift to odd-positioned letters and reverse alphabet to even-positioned letters; DOMAINS reverses outer 3-letter blocks with a

+1

shift while converting the central letter to its numeric position; CLIMAX applies consonant

+2

and vowel

-1

shifts within 3-letter halves before reversing each half.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze PATIENT transformation rule

Vowels (

A, I, E

) use reverse positional mapping (

27 - \text{position}

), yielding

Z, R, V

. Consonants (

P, T, N, T

) shift

+3

, yielding

S, W, Q, W

. Combined: SZWRQVW.

Identify rule based on vowel vs. consonant classification.

2

Analyze HARVEST transformation rule

Odd indices (

1, 3, 5, 7 \rightarrow H, R, E, T

) shift

+2 \rightarrow J, T, G, V

. Even indices (

2, 4, 6 \rightarrow A, V, S

) take reverse alphabet values

\rightarrow Z, E, H

. Combined: JZTEGHV.

Identify rule based on odd/even character indexing.

3

Analyze DOMAINS transformation rule

First half 'DOM'

\rightarrow

reversed 'MOD'

\rightarrow +1

shift 'NPE'. Central letter 'A'

\rightarrow

numerical rank

1

. Second half 'INS'

\rightarrow

reversed 'SNI'

\rightarrow +1

shift 'TOJ'. Combined: NPE1TOJ.

Identify structural split, segment reversal, positional shift, and numerical conversion.

4

Analyze CLIMAX transformation rule

First half 'CLI': consonants

+2

, vowel

-1 \rightarrow

'ENH', reversed

\rightarrow

'HNE'. Second half 'MAX': consonants

+2

, vowel

-1 \rightarrow

'OZZ', reversed

\rightarrow

'ZZO'. Combined: HNEZZO.

Identify sub-string segmentation, character-type conditional shifts, and section inversion.

Key Concept

Multi-rule complex coding-decoding involving conditional letter shifts, positional indices, reverse alphabetical mapping, and string segmentation.

Question 192Question →

Based on the family relations described below, match each person listed in List I with their correct relationship to P listed in List II:

Narrative:
- J is the paternal grandfather of P.
- L is the brother-in-law of M (where L is the son of J), and M is the mother of P.
- K is the wife of J.
- N is the daughter of M.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

J matches with Paternal Grandfather; K matches with Paternal Grandmother; L matches with Paternal Uncle; and N matches with Sister.

Analyzing the multi-generational family tree reveals that J is P's paternal grandfather. K, being J's wife, is P's paternal grandmother. L, as the son of J and brother-in-law to P's mother M, is P's paternal uncle. N, as the daughter of M, is P's sister.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Identify the direct relationship for J

J is given directly as the paternal grandfather of P.

The narrative explicitly specifies J's relationship to P.

2

Deduce the relationship for K

K is the paternal grandmother of P.

Since K is the wife of J (P's paternal grandfather), K is P's paternal grandmother.

3

Determine the lineage and relationship for L

L is the paternal uncle of P.

L is the son of J (P's paternal grandfather) and brother-in-law to M (P's mother), proving L is the brother of P's father.

4

Determine the relationship for N

N is the sister of P.

N is the daughter of M, who is the mother of P.

Key Concept

Multi-Generational Blood Relations and Lineage Deductions

Question 193Question →

Rohit introduces Priya at a social event, stating, 'She is the mother of my father's only son.' Assuming Rohit is a male and has no brothers or sisters, what is Priya's relationship to Rohit?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Mother; mother

Answer

Priya is Rohit's mother.

The phrase 'my father's only son' uniquely identifies Rohit himself because Rohit is a male without siblings. Replacing this phrase into the original statement yields 'She is the mother of Rohit', establishing Priya as Rohit's mother.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the phrase 'my father's only son'.

Since Rohit is male and has no siblings, his father's only son must be Rohit himself.

An only son of a father with no other children refers directly to the speaker.

2

Substitute this result back into the full statement.

'Priya is the mother of Rohit.'

Replacing 'my father's only son' with 'Rohit' simplifies the relation.

3

Determine the final kinship relation of Priya to Rohit.

Priya is the mother of Rohit.

Direct relationship derived from the decoded statement.

Key Concept

Kinship Deduction via Self-Reference

Question 194Question →

In a certain code language, the word BEACON is written as DGCEQP. How is the word MONKEY written in that same code language?

OQPMGA

KMLICW

NPOFLZ

OQPLFZ

Show answer & explanation

Answer: OQPMGA

Answer

OQPMGA

The pattern follows a constant shift of +2 positions forward in alphabetical order for every letter: B→D, E→G, A→C, C→E, O→Q, N→P. Applying the same rule to MONKEY gives M→O, O→Q, N→P, K→M, E→G, and Y→A (wrapping around after Z), resulting in OQPMGA.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the rule given by the pattern BEACON to DGCEQP.

B (+2) = D, E (+2) = G, A (+2) = C, C (+2) = E, O (+2) = Q, N (+2) = P. The pattern is a uniform forward shift of +2 for every letter.

Determining the transformation rule from the given pair is required to decode the target word.

2

Apply the identified +2 forward shift to each letter of MONKEY.

M (+2) = O, O (+2) = Q, N (+2) = P, K (+2) = M, E (+2) = G, Y (+2) = A.

Applying the exact pattern step-by-step gives the coded output.

Key Concept

Forward Letter Shift Coding

Estimated Time:45s

Question 195Question →

If $M \# N$ means ' $M$ is the daughter of $N$ ', $M \$ N$ means ' $M$ is the brother of $N$ ', $M \% N$ means ' $M$ is the mother of $N$ ', and $M @ N$ means ' $M$ is the husband of $N$ ', then in the expression $J \# K @ L \% M \$ N$ , how is $N$ related to $J$ ?

Either brother or sister

Brother

Sister

Cousin

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Either brother or sister

Answer

Either brother or sister

Breaking down the expression shows that

J

,

M

, and

N

share the same parents (

K

and

L

).

J

is their daughter, and

M

is their son. The symbol sequence

M \$ N

establishes that

M

is the brother of

N

, which confirms

N

is a sibling to

J

. However, because no symbol defines the gender of

N

,

N

could be male or female, making the exact relationship either brother or sister.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Decode the sub-expression

M \$ N

M

is the brother of

N

. This implies

M

is male, but the gender of

N

is not specified.

The relation '

M

is the brother of

N

' defines the gender of

M

, not

N

.

2

Decode

L \% M \$ N

L

is the mother of

M

(and therefore also the mother of

N

).

L \% M

means

L

is the mother of

M

, who is sibling to

N

.

3

Decode

K @ L

K

is the husband of

L

, which makes

K

the father of

M

and

N

.

K @ L

means

K

and

L

are husband and wife.

4

Decode

J \# K

J

is the daughter of

K

(and

L

).

J \# K

means

J

is the daughter of

K

.

5

Determine the relationship between

N

and

J

Since

J

,

M

, and

N

are all children of the same parents (

K

and

L

),

N

is a sibling to

J

. As

N

's gender is unknown,

N

is either the brother or sister of

J

.

Gender cannot be assumed without an explicit defining symbol.

Key Concept

Coded blood relations and gender determination rules

Question 196Question →

In a certain code language, the word CENTRAL is written as AYKEGCM. Based on the same underlying transformation rule, how will the word PRUDENT be written in that code language?

IGIUYKE

SUSGCQW

MKCYSOI

KIFWVMG

Show answer & explanation

Answer: IGIUYKE

Answer

IGIUYKE

The code is formed by replacing each letter with its reverse alphabetical position value (where A=26, B=25, ..., Z=1), then adding 3 if the value is even or subtracting 2 if it is odd, and finally mapping the resulting number back to the standard 1-26 forward alphabetical index. Applying this process to PRUDENT yields IGIUYKE.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the coding rule using the example word CENTRAL

Determine forward and reverse alphabetical positions for each letter: C(3→24), E(5→22), N(14→13), T(20→7), R(18→9), A(1→26), L(12→15).

Identify the positional value system being transformed.

2

Identify the conditional transformation rule applied to the reverse positional values

If reverse position is EVEN, add 3; if ODD, subtract 2. Convert back to standard forward letter: C(24+3=27≡1→A), E(22+3=25→Y), N(13-2=11→K), T(7-2=5→E), R(9-2=7→G), A(26+3=29≡3→C), L(15-2=13→M). This matches AYKEGCM.

Establish the precise pattern rules for decoding target words.

3

Apply the rule to the target word PRUDENT

P(16→11 odd: 11-2=9→I), R(18→9 odd: 9-2=7→G), U(21→6 even: 6+3=9→I), D(4→23 odd: 23-2=21→U), E(5→22 even: 22+3=25→Y), N(14→13 odd: 13-2=11→K), T(20→7 odd: 7-2=5→E).

Generate the coded string systematically letter by letter.

Key Concept

Reverse Alphabetical Indexing with Conditional Numerical Shifting

Estimated Time:2m 0s

Question 197Question →

Consider the following numerical sequence:

3, 11, 38, 102, 227, \dots

What is the value of the next term in this sequence?

Show answer & explanation

Answer: 443

Answer

The next term in the sequence is 443.

Each term increases by the cube of consecutive natural numbers starting from 2: +2³, +3³, +4³, +5³, and +6³. Adding 6³ (which equals 216) to the preceding term 227 yields 443.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Find the difference between consecutive terms in the given sequence.

The differences are 8, 27, 64, and 125.

Analyzing first-order differences reveals the rate of increase between terms.

2

Identify the logical pattern governing the sequence of differences.

The differences correspond to consecutive perfect cubes: 2³, 3³, 4³, and 5³.

Recognizing that 8 = 2³, 27 = 3³, 64 = 4³, and 125 = 5³ establishes the cubic growth rule.

3

Calculate the next term by extending the identified pattern.

Next difference = 6³ = 216, resulting in next term = 227 + 216 = 443.

Following the consecutive cubic sequence, the fifth difference must be 6³.

Key Concept

Cube-Difference Series Progression

Question 198Question →

Match each word transformation in List-I with its correct letter-shifting rule in List-II.

Click a left item, then click its matching right item

Show answer & explanation

Answer

PEN → QFO matches +1 shift; PEN → RGP matches +2 shift; PEN → SHQ matches +3 shift; PEN → TIR matches +4 shift.

Each transformation applies a uniform forward alphabetical shift across all letters: +1 for QFO, +2 for RGP, +3 for SHQ, and +4 for TIR.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze PEN → QFO

P to Q (+1), E to F (+1), N to O (+1). Rule is +1 shift.

Identify the positional distance between corresponding alphabetical letters.

2

Analyze PEN → RGP

P to R (+2), E to G (+2), N to P (+2). Rule is +2 shift.

Identify the positional distance between corresponding alphabetical letters.

3

Analyze PEN → SHQ

P to S (+3), E to H (+3), N to Q (+3). Rule is +3 shift.

Identify the positional distance between corresponding alphabetical letters.

4

Analyze PEN → TIR

P to T (+4), E to I (+4), N to R (+4). Rule is +4 shift.

Identify the positional distance between corresponding alphabetical letters.

Key Concept

Constant Forward Letter Shifting

Question 199Question →

Read the following coded blood relation definitions:
- $A \div B$ means ' $A$ is the father of $B$ '
- $A \times B$ means ' $A$ is the sister of $B$ '
- $A + B$ means ' $A$ is the son of $B$ '

Based on the expression $P \div Q \times R$ , how is $R$ related to $P$ ?

Son

Daughter

Father

Either Son or Daughter

Show answer & explanation

Answer: Either Son or Daughter

Answer

Either Son or Daughter

Analyzing

P \div Q \times R

:

P \div Q

means

P

is the father of

Q

.

Q \times R

means

Q

is the sister of

R

. This makes

Q

and

R

siblings sharing the father

P

. Therefore,

R

is the child of

P

. However, no relationship code in the expression establishes the gender of

R

. As a result,

R

can be either a son or a daughter of

P

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Decode the first relation

P \div Q

P

is the father of

Q

.

The division symbol defines the first person as the father of the second person.

2

Decode the second relation

Q \times R

Q

is the sister of

R

.

The multiplication symbol defines the first person as the sister of the second person.

3

Combine the relations to establish the lineage between

P

and

R

P

is the father of both

Q

and

R

.

If

P

is the father of

Q

, and

Q

and

R

are siblings, then

P

must also be the father of

R

.

4

Determine the gender of

R

The gender of

R

is unstated; thus

R

is either a son or a daughter.

The code

Q \times R

tells us

Q

is female, but does not provide gender information for

R

.

Key Concept

Gender ambiguity in coded blood relations

Estimated Time:45s

Question 200Question →

In a certain pattern, the letter-group $\text{FILM}$ is related to $\text{GJMN}$ following a specific positional shift rule. Which letter-group maintains the exact same relationship with $\text{MILK}$ ?

\text{NJML}

\text{NKML}

\text{NJMK}

\text{LHKJ}

Show answer & explanation

Answer: $\text{NJML}$

Answer

\text{NJML}

The relationship in the pair

\text{FILM} : \text{GJMN}

is established by moving each letter forward by

1

step in the alphabet. Applying this exact pattern to

\text{MILK}

yields

\text{M} \to \text{N}

,

\text{I} \to \text{J}

,

\text{L} \to \text{M}

, and

\text{K} \to \text{L}

, giving

\text{NJML}

.

Step-by-Step Solution

1

Analyze the rule relating the first pair

\text{FILM}

and

\text{GJMN}

.

\text{F} \rightarrow \text{G}

(

+1

),

\text{I} \rightarrow \text{J}

(

+1

),

\text{L} \rightarrow \text{M}

(

+1

),

\text{M} \rightarrow \text{N}

(

+1

).

Each letter is shifted forward by one position in alphabetical order.

2

Apply the identified

+1

forward shift rule to each letter of

\text{MILK}

.

\text{M} + 1 = \text{N}

,

\text{I} + 1 = \text{J}

,

\text{L} + 1 = \text{M}

,

\text{K} + 1 = \text{L}

.

Applying identical positional shifts maintains the analogy logic.

3

Combine the resulting letters in sequence.

\text{NJML}

.

The final letter-group formed is

\text{NJML}

.

Key Concept

Alphabetical Positional Shift Analogy

Estimated Time:45s

General Mental Ability

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